中国钢铁产业的集中度、布局与结构优化研究--兼评2005年钢铁产业发展政策

钢铁产业的产业集中度和空间布局是关系产业竞争力的两个重要方面，提高产业集中度和优化空间布局．是中国钢铁产业实现可持续发展的主要任务。本文通过建立相关的模型和数据测算．分析我国钢铁产业集中度和空间布局的变化，发现我国钢铁产业的生产集中度和空间集中度不仅很低．而且在2001年以来还在不断降低。研究显示，我国钢铁产业的空间布局呈现以市场指向为主、兼资源依托型之格局，临海港口型特征不明显。对三种不同类型的空间布局绩效的比较研究发现．临海港口型的空间布局应是我国钢铁产业布局的主要合理方向。论文对2005年新颁布的《钢铁产业发展政策》作了相应的分析和评论，探讨了产业政策的真正意义．主张作为产业政策不适宜对市场作具体数量的规定。

A Study on the Degree of Concentration, Layout and Structure Optimization of the Iron and Steel Industry in China

The degree of concentration and layout are two important aspects relative to the iron and steel industry competitiveness,and rationalization of them is also major task for the sustainable development of China's iron and steel industry.In this paper,on the basis of the model and pertinent data,we observe that the degree of concentration of China's iron and steel industry is very low,especially lower after 2001.The layout is mostly market-oriented,partly resource oriented,and without characters of the seaport type.And then we find out that the seaport layout is the future direction by comparision of three different types' performance.Lastly this paper makes corresponding comment on the new Iron and Steel Industry Development Policy,and argues that the industry policy is not fit for defining detailed quantities for the market.