国家重点生态功能区人口发展的现状、问题与对策研究

国家重点生态功能区是关系到全国生态环境安全的敏感性区域,其中人口因素是经济社会发展的关键性因素.以全国重点生态功能区为研究范围,以区域内县域为分析单位,对2007—2018年数据进行分析.结果表明,重点生态功能区区域人口增长率、人口城镇化水平、人均GDP、人均财政收入和人均受教育程度显著低于全国平均水平;区域人口主要分布于中西部地区,且少数民族人口多,为人口净迁出区,劳动力人口占比较低.区域存在人口总量不利于生态环境保护、城镇发展水平低、外出打工农民比例大、农业人口迁移意愿不强烈、劳动力素质低、区域贫困人口多等问题.最后,针对重点生态功能区人口的发展问题提出对策建议,为实现区域人口的均衡发展提供借鉴和参考.

Research on the Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures of Population Development in National Key Ecological Functional Areas

National key ecological functional areas are sensitive areas related to the national ecological and environmental security, in which demographic factors are key factors for economic and social development. Takes the national key ecological function area as the scope of study, and the counties in the region as the unit of analysis, and analyzes the data from 2007-2018.The results show that the population growth rate, population urbanization level, per capita GDP, per capita fiscal income and per capita education level in the key ecological function area are significantly lower than the national average; the population is mainly distributed in the central and western regions, and the minority population is high The region is a net emigration zone, with a low proportion of the population in the labor force. The total population of the region is not conducive to ecological and environmental protection, the level of urban development is low, the proportion of migrant farmers is large, the agricultural population is not strongly willing to migrate, the quality of the workforce is low, and there are many poor people in the region. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are made for the development of population in key ecological functional areas, which will provide reference and reference for the balanced development of regional population.