论美国海关发展战略的特点及其对我国的启示

摘要：作为一个拥有战略研究传统的国家，美国海关在机构与职能整合之后发布了第二份战略规划，详细地阐述了自己的任务、核心价值、愿景、挑战与威胁以及战略目标等内容，从而成为指导海关制度的一份纲领性文件。从其主要内容的介绍中，不难发现，在基本模式上，它深受“选择性干预战略”的影响，是后者在海关战略规划中的具体应用。在战略文化上，它充分反映出美国的价值观、进攻性的思维模式以及扩张性的行为偏向模式。而在战略手段上，它还是美国国内根深蒂固的实用主义精神下的产物。对于中国海关而言，在确定最主要的威胁与挑战及其先后顺序后，应对既有的发展战略进行客观、理性的分析，并在全面理解自身综合能力的基础上推出新战略。

On Characteristics of CBP Development Strategy and its Enlightenment to China

In a country with a tradition of research on strategies, CBP issued the second strategic project after the integration of organization and function. It elaborates its mission, core values, vision, challenges and threats as well as the strategic target. This has become a guideline to guide the system of the customs. According to the introduction of its main con- tent, it is not difficult to find in the strategic basic mode, it is under the influence of selective engagement strategy. In terms of strategic culture, it fully reflects American values, aggres- sive mindset and aggressive behavior mode. And on the strategic means, it is the product of American deep--rooted pragmatism. China Customs should confirm the main threats and challenges and their order of priority. Objective and rational analysis should be made on the existing development strategy, and a new strategy should be launched based on a comprehen- sive understandin~ of our own ability.