一般均衡理论的价值基础

现代西方主流经济学中的一般均衡理论缺乏应有的价值基础。近年来试图建立马克思主义的一般均衡理论的努力也一直未能成功。然而,根据马克思的劳动价值论可以证明,在假定社会总产品的价格总量等于价值总量、平均利润总量等于剩余价值总量的条件下,必然有且仅有一个恰好等于相应价值向量的一般均衡价格向量。这意味着,一般均衡理论完全可以建立在劳动价值论的基础之上。本文首先根据马克思关于两大部类社会总产品构成的理论,建立包括技术关系在内的价值体系和相应的价格体系,其次说明在价格体系中存在有无穷多的一般均衡价格向量,最后从无穷多的一般均衡价格向量中确定一个"标准"的价格向量,并证明这个标准价格向量必然等于相应的价值向量。

The Value Foundation of General Equilibrium Theory

There is no value foundation in modern general equilibrium theory of western mainstream economics.An effort trying to develop Marxist theory of general equilibrium has not succeeded too.However,It could be proved that,according to Marx’s labor value theory,there exists one and only one general equilibrium price vector which equates exactly the relevant value vector,under the assumptions of that aggregate profits is equal to aggregate surplus value and aggregate prices is equal to aggregate value of the whole economy.It means that general equilibrium theory could be built on the basis of labor value theory.The paper firstly develops the value system and price system which include technique relations according to Marx’s theory of social gross product of two departments,then shows that there are infinite general equilibrium price vectors in price system,and lastly determines a "standard" price vector from the infinite general equilibrium price vectors and proves that the standard price vector is necessarily equal to the corresponding value vector.