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过程理论视角的留学生在华旅游动机变化研究——基于自我民族志方法
引用本文:郑鹏,李儒珍. 过程理论视角的留学生在华旅游动机变化研究——基于自我民族志方法[J]. 旅游导刊, 2022, 6(1)
作者姓名:郑鹏  李儒珍
作者单位:郑州大学旅游管理学院 河南郑州 450001;中原文化旅游高质量发展研究院 河南郑州 450001;郑州大学旅游管理学院 河南郑州 450001
基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目“新华侨华人文化传播带动国家旅游形象提升研究”(项目编号:21BGL260)资助。
摘    要:传统旅游动机研究多着眼于群体的时间断面,对个体旅游动机动态变化的揭示及其背后的理论建构关注较少。留学生在华旅游的空间、时间和文化特征均介于入境旅游和国内旅游之间,具有一定的独特性和典型性。本研究以留学生身份的“我”为研究对象,从过程理论视角,通过自我民族志方法对留学生在华旅游动机变化过程进行分析。基于完整的自我叙事以及对旅游动机的过程反思,从文化接触期、初步适应期、深化适应期和生活倦怠期等几个阶段,分析在华留学生追求新奇、自我发展、建立声望、逃离惯常、健康放松和社会交往等旅游动机的变化过程,并建立留学生在华旅游动机变化模型。同时,也提出了留学生在华旅游所特有的距离错位动机和文化适应动机。本研究试图阐明留学生旅游动机在跨文化适应过程中的自我探寻与变化逻辑,结论对入境旅游、国内旅游的市场开发也有一定裨益。

关 键 词:旅游动机  过程理论  自我民族志  留学生  旅居者  跨文化

Changes in the Travel Motivation of International Students in China from the Perspectives of Process Theory:An Autoethnography
Affiliation:(School of Tourism Management,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China Central Plain Cultural Tourism High-quality Development Institute,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
Abstract:Existing research has focused primarily on the time series of the travel group and less on the signifi cance of revealing the temporal changes of individuals’travel motivation and the theoretical construct supporting these changes.International students travel within China in a process of cross-cultural adaptation,which is unique in that it falls into the dual category of inbound travel and domestic travel in terms of temporal,spatial,and cultural features.This paper takes international students in China as the research object and analyzes the changes in their travel motivation from the perspectives of process theory and autoethnography.Based on complete self-narratives and personal refl ections on travel motivation,this article examines changes in individuals’travel motivation from the pursuit of novelty,self-development,prestige,escape from routines,fi tness and leisure,and relaxation to social interaction during the four stages of first cross-cultural contact,initial adaptation,in-depth adaptation,and burnout.Subsequently,a model of changes in international students’travel motivation is constructed.Moreover,this study establishes the travel motivations of spatial dislocation and acculturation,both of which are unique among international students in China.This research attempts to illustrate the rationale behind international students’changing travel motivation,as well as their self-exploration in the process of acculturation.It is hoped that this research will contribute to the development of both inbound and domestic travel markets.
Keywords:travel motivation  process theory  autoethnography  international students  sojourners  cross-cultrue
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