中国林业生态效率与生态生产率的测度研究

通过界定林业生态效率的内涵,建立林业生态效率评价指标体系,运用DEA模型和Malmquist指数法对全国30个省市(港、澳、台、藏除外)的林业生态效率和生态生产率进行测度表明:中国林业生态效率在近十年呈小范围波动性变化,全国总体的林业生态效率均值为0.912,并且地区及省市间差别较大;TFP指数均值达到1.037,表明中国林业生态效率的发展水平整体在缓慢提高,技术进步变动指数是导致总林业生态生产率TFP指数提高的主要原因之一,不同地区和省市间各分解指数也存在很大差异。适当改变林业的生产经营方式,适度调整林业发展规模对于各省市提高林业生态效率和生态生产率是十分必要的。

Analysis on Forestry Eco-Efficiency and Ecological Productivity Measure in China

The paper defined the connotation of the forestry ecological efficiency,established the forestry eco-efficiency evaluation index system,and used the DEA model and Malmquist index method to measure the forestry ecological efficiency and the ecological productivity of 30 provinces except Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan and Tibet in China during ten years.The results show that the forestry eco-efficiency in China is in small scale fluctuation change during the recent ten years.The national overall forestry eco-efficiency average is 0.912,which implies the forestry eco-efficiency of effective frontier state has not been achieved.Meanwhile,there are differences between regions and provinces.Average TFP index is 1.307,which indicates the forestry eco-efficiency level is improving totally at a low speed.Technical efficiency is the major factor in improving the TFP index.The dynamic growth speed differs from regions and provinces.In order to improve the forestry eco-efficiency and ecological productivity,it is necessary for provinces and cities to change forestry methods of production and management and adjust forestry development scales.