基于SCS和GIS的不同降雨情景城市内涝过程模拟方法

针对城市暴雨内涝灾害频发的现状,基于城市暴雨强度公式、芝加哥降雨过程线模型、SCS(Soil Conservation Service)产流模型以及基于地理信息系统软件ArcGIS的局部等体积法,提出一种关于城市暴雨内涝过程的模拟方法。选取武汉市内涝灾害严重的汤逊湖流域作为研究对象,使用该方法对流域内多种重现期暴雨内涝量的积水高程和积水淹没范围进行模拟。结果表明:汤逊湖流域内产生的内涝较为严重,10 a一遇的暴雨即可对低洼地区造成轻微内涝;不同重现期暴雨产生的积水区域基本是一致的,但重现期越长的暴雨产生的积水高程越深,淹没范围越广,对周边造成的影响越大。该研究成果对城市暴雨内涝的预防与治理具有借鉴和参考价值。

Simulation of Rainstorm Waterlogging Process in Urban Areas Based on Soil Conservation Service Model and Geographic Information System

A method of simulating the urban waterlogging process caused by rainstorm is presented. The method integrates the urban storm intensity formula in Chinese standard, the Chicago rainfall process model, the SCS (soil conservation service) runoff model by US Secretary of Agriculture, and the local isometric method based on ArcGIS. With Tangxun Lake catchment in Wuhan as a research object, the waterlogging elevation and submergence area in the presence of rainstorm of varied reoccurrence periods are obtained through simulation using the proposed method. Results reveal severe waterlogging in the Tangxun Lake catchment. Rainstorm of ten-year reoccurrence period would give rise to slight waterlogging; but the area of waterlogging does not change with the reoccurrence period of rainstorm. Rainstorm with longer reoccurrence period would cause larger submergence depth, wider submergence range, and severer impact on surrounding areas.