传统与复建历史文化街区文旅融合特征与路径——基于符号学视角

历史文化街区既是城市文化的重要地标，也是旅游发展的重要资源，由此成为新时期文旅融合的重要实践载体。本研究基于符号学视角，选取黄山市屯溪区毗邻的屯溪老街和黎阳in巷分别作为传统与复建历史文化街区代表，基于扎根理论构建历史文化街区文旅融合的符号学理论框架。实证分析表明：传统与复建两类历史文化街区均形成了主题定位、文旅功能、空间布局、物质载体、业态产品、旅游服务六方面的文化和旅游符号，前者以传统文化符号居多，后者以现代旅游符号居多；两类街区文化和旅游符号融合的独特性、凸显性、融合性和适应性等特征差异明显，前者偏向地域文化的独特性，后者偏向旅游介入的适应性。据此提出传统历史文化街区“旅游趋向”和复建历史文化街区“文化趋向”的文旅融合路径，两类街区在文化传承与旅游发展中应加强文化资源符号化、资源功能多元化、符号空间整合化、文化符号全景化，促进文化产品价值化、旅游服务品质化，以实现历史文化街区可持续发展。

The integration characteristics and paths of culture and tourism in traditional and reconstructed historical and cultural blocks: A semiotic perspective

Historical and cultural blocks are not only important landmarks of urban culture, but also important resources for tourism development. They become important practical scenario for the integration of culture and tourism in the new era. Tunxi Old Street and Liyang Street are selected as representatives of traditional and reconstructed historical and cultural blocks, which are both located in Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, and adjacent to each other. From the perspective of semiotics, this paper constructs a theoretical framework for the integration of culture and tourism in historical and cultural blocks. Empirical analysis shows that both the traditional and reconstructed historical and cultural blocks have formed cultural and tourism symbols in six aspects: thematic position, culture and tourism value, spatial layout, physical carriers, business types and tourism service. The former is dominated by traditional cultural symbols, while the latter is dominated by modern tourism symbols; obvious differences exist between two types of historical and cultural blocks in their uniqueness, prominence, integration and adaptability of cultural and tourism symbols. The uniqueness of local culture and the adaptability to tourism development are the specific features respectively of the former and the latter blocks. This paper, thus, puts forward tourism-oriented paths in traditional historical and cultural blocks and culture-oriented paths in the reconstructed historical and cultural blocks. These two types of blocks should strengthen the symbolization of cultural resources, diversification of resource functions, integration of symbol space and presentation of cultural symbols, which consequently promotes the value of cultural products and the quality of tourism services, so as to achieve the sustainable development of historical and cultural blocks.