基于旅游生命周期理论的历史文化街区居民身份认同对旅游发展意向的影响研究

研究以旅游生命周期理论为基础,以武汉市9个处于不同旅游生命周期的历史文化街区为研究区域,通过质性数据分析探讨了居民身份认同对其旅游发展意向的影响,并对处于不同旅游生命周期的街区进行了比较分析。研究发现：居民身份认同主要从情感因素、经济因素、社会环境因素、旅游发展要素、文化因素等方面对其旅游发展意向产生影响;依据身份认同强弱与旅游发展意向正负的交互组合,可将居民分为4种认同-意向类型：积极拥护者、传统坚守者、经济至上者和无为参与者;在不同旅游生命周期阶段的历史文化街区,居民身份认同对其旅游发展意向的影响各异：在参与和巩固阶段街区,传统坚守者突出;在发展阶段街区,积极拥护者占主导;在巩固阶段街区,积极拥护者和无为参与者兼而有之,且二者冲突尤为激烈。最后,针对不同旅游生命周期阶段居民的类型和特征,提出了促进居民参与街区旅游发展与保护的建议。

Research on the influence of resident identity in historical streets on tourism development intention based on tourism area life cycle theory

Based on tourism area life cycle theory, this study takes 9 historical streets in different tourism life cycles in Wuhan as the study areas, and explores the impact of residents’ identity in those areas on their tourism development intention through qualitative data analysis, and makes a comparative analysis of the streets in different life cycles. The results show that residents’ identity mainly influences their tourism development intention from the aspects of emotional factors, economic factors, social environmental factors, tourism development factors and cultural factors. With the combination between the identity strength (weak or strong) and the attitudinal intention (positive or negative) of tourism development, residents can be divided into four types of identity-intention types: “active advocates”, “traditional adherents”, “economic elites” and “non-participants”. In different historical streets with different stages of tourism area life cycle, the impact of residents’ identity on their tourism development intention is different. In the streets at participation and consolidation stage, “traditional adherents” are the majority; in the streets at development stage, “active advocates” are dominant; at the consolidation stage, there are both “active advocates” and “non-participants”, and the conflict between them is particularly intensive. Finally, according to the types and characteristics of residents at different stages of tourism area life cycle, some suggestions on promoting the development and protection of community tourism are put forward.