试析我国行政组织中人格化与非人格化因素的平衡

由于我国处于农业社会向工业社会的过渡阶段，差序格局下的中国社会关系，作为利益群体和权力群体的官僚群体对规则的抵制，法制精神的缺乏和法制的不健全，我国的公共行政中存在人格化的倾向，表现为潜规则、人情行政、家长制作风等。非人格化秩序和人格化秩序都不符合现实要求，任何组织中都存在人格化因素和非人格化因素，我们需要寻求两种因素的平衡。规则与自由裁量权的平衡、工具理性与人性的平衡、组织利益与私人利益的平衡是实现行政组织中人格化与非人格化因素平衡的三个方向。

Analysis of the Balance of Personal and Impersonal Factors in the Administrative Organization in China

Under the influence of many factors, such as historical, cultural and realistic national conditions, public administration in China has the tendency to personification, which is shown as the unspoken rules, human administration, patriarchal and so on. Personified order and the impersonal order do not meet the practical requirements. Personified factors and impersonal factors exist in any organization, so we need to seek the balance of the two factors. To achieve the balance of personal and impersonal factors in the administrative organization, three directions should be followed： the balance of the rules and the discretion, instrumental rationality and humanity, organizations and private interests.