获益不对称情景下的群体间合作行为研究

掌握获益不对称群体间合作行为规律可为大量的此类合作实践提供指导。在群体内和群体间过程不能割裂的认识下，群体间自发合作本质上是个体、个体所在群体、群体间所形成嵌套社会困境下的全局公共品贡献行为。通过行为经济学理论、嵌套社会困境多公共品实验室实验对获益不对称群体间合作行为进行分析和检验发现:（1）合作环境具有宽归集、内群体偏向行为特点；（2）在交互中，不公平厌恶和互惠两类条件合作的出现和叠加使此类合作从开始到持续不同于获益对称情形；（3）高水平、更稳定的群体间合作可出现于温和程度的不对称情形。该结果表明行为因素可为促进获益不对称群体间合作实践提供新途径。

Intergroup Cooperation with Unequal Group Benefits

Exploring how inequalities of benefits affect intergroup cooperationcan provide new understandings for intergroup cooperation in practice. Considering inner-group and inter-group simultaneously, this paper proposed that intergroup cooperation is in a nested social dilemma which includes private goods, inner-group and inter-group public goods. Intergroup cooperation is reflected by individuals' contribution to the intergroup public goods. After analyzing and testing our viewpoints on intergroup cooperation with unequal benefits through behavioral economics and NSD public goods laboratory experiments, we found: (1) Broadly bracket andin-group bias play a role in intergroup setting; (2) Two conditional cooperation factors,inequality aversion and reciprocity, affect individual's contribution respectively and interactively.These factors alter intergroup cooperation with unequal benefits different from equal ones from start to followings;(3) The highest contribution emerged when groups' benefits levels are high but the incomes difference between groups is moderate. This laboratory experimentresearch shows behavioral factors should be taken seriously when we intend to boost intergroup cooperation.