基于公共价值的区域知识产权高质量发展评价方法与实证研究

基于公共价值理论，结合质量概念分析，定义知识产权高质量发展，并对其内涵与作用机制进行阐述。从创造、运用、保护、环境4个维度构建知识产权高质量发展评价指标体系，采用LASSO回归、Autoencoding、随机森林模型等方法，以实现的公共价值贡献度为依据进行指标遴选与权重确定，采用离差系数协调度模型计算一级指标协调度并进行知识产权高质量发展指数合成，对我国内地31个省区进行知识产权高质量发展评价。研究结果表明，我国区域知识产权发展质量整体不高，发展质量与发展协调度并重的知识产权发展模式尚未形成；知识产权高质量发展指标权重分布具有长尾效应，研发投入强度、专利奖获奖指数、每万人口知识产权服务机构拥有量是对公共价值贡献度最大的3个指标。

High Quality Development Evaluation of Regional Intellectual Property Rights Based on Public Value

In the context of increasingly fierce international competition, the national core competitiveness is manifested in the cultivation, allocation and regulation ability of knowledge innovation achievements and intellectual property resources. Since the promulgation of the outline of the national intellectual property strategy in 2008, the intellectual property strategy, as a basic strategy to encourage and protect innovation and promote economic and social development, has played a more and more important role. High quality development evaluation of intellectual property is not only an important way to test the implementation effect of intellectual property strategy, but also the key evidence of intellectual property strategy adjustment and reform.#br#According to Benington's division of public value dimension, this paper holds that the public value of high-quality development of intellectual property can be reflected in four first-class dimensions: economic value, social value, ecological value and government capacity value. The setting of secondary dimension follows the theory of sustainable development. The second dimension of economic value is set as the transformation of economic growth mode and the optimization of economic structure. The evaluation process is divided into five steps. Firstly, Lasso regression is used to preliminarily select the existing indicators in the China intellectual property development evaluation report, and the indicators with multiple co-occurrence are removed from the perspective of statistics. Secondly, according to the summary of existing research and the requirements of national innovation and sustainable development strategy, the indicators are revised and new indicators are introduced; Thirdly, auto encoder technology is used to characterize the public value of high-quality development of intellectual property rights. Fourthly, the random forest model is used to fit the three-level indicators and the public value of high-quality development of intellectual property rights, select the indicators again and determine the index weight. Fifthly, the coordination degree of the first-order index is calculated by using the dispersion coefficient coordination degree model, and the weighted geometric average is used for exponential synthesis.#br#Third-one provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions (hereinafter referred to as provinces) in mainland China are selected to compare the high-quality development of regional intellectual property rights. With consideration og the lag of statistical data of some indicators, 2019 data are used for analysis. Through the above steps, a reference index system for high-quality development of intellectual property rights including 4 primary indicators, 10 secondary indicators and 37 tertiary indicators has been constructed, including 18 indicators in the report, 6 modified indicators, 8 indicators in relevant literature and 5 new indicators. According to the score of intellectual property high-quality development index, the intellectual property development status of 31 regions in China can be divided into five echelons: the first echelon is Guangdong Province, which is the only region with intellectual property high-quality development index above 0.7; the second echelon includes Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, with a score range of 0.5 ~ 0.7; the third echelon includes 10 regions of Shandong, Sichuan, Tianjin, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Hubei, Henan, Hebei and Liaoning, with a score range of 0.4 ~ 0.5; the fourth echelon includes 10 regions of Shaanxi, Jilin, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Shanxi, with a score range of 0.3 ~ 0.4; and the fifth echelon includes Ningxia, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet, with a score of less than 0.3.#br#Through the position of each region in the coordinate system of high-quality development of intellectual property, it can be seen that the first and second echelons with high scores of high-quality development index of intellectual property are located in the first quadrant close to the x-axis and y-axis respectively, and far away from the angular bisector of the first and third quadrants of the coordinate system. Therefore it’s necessary to adjust the development mode of regional intellectual property rights accordingly.#br#The three-level indicators’ weight value distribution of the high-quality development index system of intellectual property rights has significant long tail distribution characteristics.The three indicators of R & D funds, high-value patents and intellectual property services are directional to improve the quality of intellectual property development. In the case of limited R&D funds, the cultivation of high-value patents and the improvement of intellectual property service level play a vital role in the high-quality development of intellectual property. It should be pointed out that it would lead to a state of imbalance of intellectual property development if only head indicators are stressed.#br#