数字化情境下创业动态能力有效前因组态研究

为探究数字化情境下创业动态能力前因变量协同作用机制，以江浙沪地区初创企业为研究对象，采用fsQCA和NCA方法，探讨先前经验、社会网络、创业学习和数字技术对创业动态能力的影响路径与作用机制。研究发现，数字化情境下创业动态能力存在多种前因组态，其中高创业机会能力存在数据驱动型、主观能动型、经验基础型3种组态，非高创业机会能力存在数据缺位型、经验缺失型、主动不足型3种组态，高创业资源能力存在数据助力型、传统模式型、主观能动型3种组态，非高创业资源能力存在数据缺位型、学习不足型、网络欠缺型3种组态；另外，数字技术和创业学习是高创业机会能力的重要前因变量，数字技术和网络行为是高创业资源能力的重要前因变量。研究结论有助于拓展数字技术创业和创业动态能力相关研究，对于提升数字技术能力、指导数字创业实践具有一定启示意义。

Effective Antecedent Configuration of Entrepreneurial Dynamic Capability in the Digital Context

Entrepreneurial dynamic capability is vital for start-ups to cope with multiple uncertainties, break through low growth ability and high failure rate, and achieve sustainable development in this VUAC era.With the extensive integration and wide application of digital technologies, digital entrepreneurship has become a common phenomenon, and the application of digital technology has changed the traditional entrepreneurial activities, triggering changes in entrepreneurial elements, processes, and models, thus profoundly affecting the formation mechanism of entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities. Digital technology is a technological combination of information, computing, communication and connectivity, including digital infrastructure, digital platforms, and digital components, with characteristics such as convergence, scalability, generativity, and modularity. These unique characteristics make digital technology not only have a direct impact on entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities but also reconstruct the action mechanism of other antecedent variables such as prior experience, social networks, and entrepreneurial learning as an enabling technology, with the result of making the formation mechanism of entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities more complex, systematic and synergistic in the digital context. Existing research is limited on the topics of entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities in the digital context, and the study on the overall role and synergistic effect of core antecedents is rare. Therefore, on the basis of configuration theory, this paper focuses on the formation mechanism of entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities in the digital context, and explores the synergistic effects of prior experience, social networks, entrepreneurial learning and digital technology.#br#　　The research data are collected on an online questionnaire survey platform named Wenjuanxing in Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province and Shanghai City in southeast China where the digital economy is advanced. All the structural measurement items in this questionnaire are basically adapted from the existing literature. The questionnaire mainly includes seven parts: basic information of new enterprises and entrepreneurial team, prior experience, social networks, entrepreneurial learning, use of digital technology and entrepreneurial dynamic capability. All items are measured by 5-point Likert scale. A total of 200 formal questionnaires are distributed, and 84 valid questionnaires are collected with a recovery rate of 42%.#br#　　Following the causal analysis strategy that combines sufficiency analysis and necessity analysis, this paper adopted fsQCA to analyze the antecedents' configurations of entrepreneurial dynamic capability from prior experience, social network, entrepreneurial learning and digital technology, and this paper used NCA to analyze the necessity of antecedent conditions.#br#　　The research results show that none of the individual variables among entrepreneurial experience, work experience, network structure, network behavior, entrepreneurial learning and digital technology are necessary conditions for high entrepreneurial dynamic capability and non-high entrepreneurial dynamic capability, and none of the antecedents can fully determine the level of entrepreneurial dynamic ability. Both high entrepreneurial dynamic capability and non-high entrepreneurial dynamic capability are jointly affected by various kinds of antecedents. The results show that there are multiple antecedent configuration modes for entrepreneurial dynamic capabilities. Among them, there are three types for high entrepreneurial opportunity capabilities including data-driven type, subjective type, and experience-based type. Three types for non-high entrepreneurial opportunity capabilities including data-absent type, experience-deficient type, and subjective-insufficient type. There are three types of high entrepreneurial resource capacity including data-assisted type, traditional model type, and subjective initiative type. Also, three types for non-high entrepreneurial resource capacity include data lacking type, insufficient learning type, and network lacking type. Digital technology and entrepreneurial learning are important basic antecedents for high entrepreneurial opportunity capability, and digital technology and network behavior are important basic antecedents for high entrepreneurial resource capability.〖HJ*2/7〗#br#　　The contributions of this paper are as followings: Firstly, the synergistic effect of the antecedents for entrepreneurial dynamic capability is analyzed from the perspective of configuration theory, and it has improved the previous research mainly focusing on the net effect of the antecedents. Secondly, this paper regards digital technology as the core factor for entrepreneurial dynamic capability, and reveals the role of the openness, relevance, generativity and other characteristics of digital technology in the antecedent configuration for entrepreneurial opportunity capability and entrepreneurial resource capability by introducing related concepts and theories of information systems and innovation management, which helps to further enrich theories in areas such as entrepreneurial dynamics and digital entrepreneurship. Finally, this paper further optimized research methods by combining sufficiency analysis and necessity analysis to make the causal analysis results more reliable and scientific.#br#