长江经济带发展战略对区域科学竞争力的提升效应——基于双重差分法的实证研究

在全球科技革命加速演进的背景下，长江经济带发展战略的实施对沿线省市科学竞争力提升具有重大意义。基于2009-2019年我国内地31个省市面板数据，构建科学竞争力评价指标体系，并利用熵权法计算各省市科学竞争力综合得分，通过使用双重差分法和中介效应模型实证检验长江经济带发展战略对区域科学竞争力的提升效应，最后对该战略的区域异质性及作用机制进行深入研究。结果表明：(1)长江经济带发展战略显著提升区域科学竞争力，稳健性检验支持该结论；(2)该战略实施虽然有助于提升长江经济带整体科学竞争力，但存在区域异质性，呈现为下游>中游>上游；(3)该战略通过提高要素集聚度、促进经济发展、加强政府公共服务提升沿线省市科学竞争力。基于实证结果，从提高政府公共服务水平、制定差异化发展计划、加大地方政府财政支出、精准布局科创载体、加快数据要素基础设施建设等方面提出建议。

The Promotion Effect of the Development Strategy of Yangtze River Economic Belt on Regional Scientific Competitiveness: An Empirical Research Based on DID

Scientific competitiveness is not only a matter of development, but also a matter of survival for China. Independent innovation supported by scientific and technological self-reliance can meet the needs of high-quality development. However, with the development of high quality economy, a series of major problems, such as the shortage of original innovation capacity, incomplete collaborative innovation network and dispersion of scientific and technological strength, have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is urgent for China to become a scientific and technological power in the world by improving the basic research. In this background, has the regional development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt significantly improved the scientific competitiveness of provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt since its implementation? In addition what is the path of its role in promoting scientific competitiveness? Is there heterogeneity in the improvement of scientific competitiveness in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, middle and lower reaches?#br#In this paper, the effect of the development strategy and policy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is regarded as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on the establishment of a scientific competitiveness evaluation system, the entropy weight method is used to calculate the comprehensive score of scientific competitiveness of each province and city. The DID and mediating effect models are constructed to investigate the effect and action path of the national comprehensive development strategy on the promotion of scientific competitiveness of provinces and cities along the belt and road. #br#The research conclusions are as follows. The development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a significant positive role in promoting the scientific competitiveness of cities and provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the research conclusions of the benchmark model are still valid under the robustness test. Furthermore, the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt can improve the basic research ecological environment of provinces and cities along the belt by exerting the agglomeration effect of various factors and promoting economic development and government public service, and thus it can promote the stable promotion of scientific competitiveness. Finally, the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, as a local national strategy, has regional heterogeneity, of which the promotion effect on the downstream is more obvious. #br#On the basis of the research conclusions of this paper, the following policy suggestions are put forward to enhance the scientific competitiveness of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. First, the government is supposed to improve public services, actively lay out high-speed rail technology innovation mechanism to introduce and guide talent, capital and other factors. More investment should be made to promote the scientific competitiveness of the Yangtze River Economic Belt through the construction of government service networks and infrastructure to enhance inter-regional knowledge linkages. Second, he fiscal expenditure of local governments and the proportion of government fiscal expenditure should be increased. The government financial resources should be more inclined to scientific innovation, and the joint efforts of market, government and universities should promote the promotion of regional scientific competitiveness. In light of regional characteristics, the investment in scientific resources should be strengthened to improve the construction of regional infrastructure for scientific and technological innovation, and speed up the construction of scientific and technological incubators and platforms for scientific and technological innovation. The last is to make precise layout of science and innovation carriers and speed up the construction of data element infrastructure. The Yangtze River Economic Belt Science Alliance will be established to promote the formation of a community of scientists. The model of science and technology finance, the supply quality and application efficiency of new data element infrastructure are expected to be improved to smooth the flow of scientific resources.#br#This study adopts the quantitative method of double difference method to examine the comprehensive national strategy effect on the promotion of scientific competitiveness, enriching the current studies of the competitiveness of science research methods. The impact of regional heterogeneity of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic belt on the improvement of scientific competitiveness is discussed, and the path of national comprehensive strategy to improve scientific competitiveness is explored to provide enlightenment for the development of other regions or urban clusters.#br#