“架构者”视角下的区域创新生态系统形成与演化——来自珠海高新区的经验证据

近年来,企业创新的成败越来越依赖于它们所生存的创新生态系统,哪些因素影响了创新生态系统成长是一个亟待探讨的话题。基于新近的"架构者"理论,文章探究了区域创新生态系统新生期、成长期和成熟期的"架构者"及其对生态系统其他企业的影响,试图揭示创新生态系统形成和演化机制。通过案例分析与定量分析相结合的方法,文章发现:(1)在新生期,政府是创新生态系统的"架构者",其政策效应是创新生态系统形成的动力;(2)在成长期,先驱企业取代政府成为"架构者",其通过对其他企业产生"跟随效应"推动整个生态系统创新产出增加;(3)在成熟期,作为"架构者"的先驱企业对其他企业创新溢出存在"乘数效应"。文章的研究结果表明,政府应该根据创新生态系统不同发展阶段,识别相应的"架构者"并给予相应的政策,从而发挥它们创新的带动效应。

Research on Incubation and Growth of Innovation Ecosystem under “Architect” Transformation: Empirical Evidence From Zhuhai High-Tech Zone

In recent years, firm innovation' success or failure is increasingly dependent on the ecosystem they live in, and firms' competition is increasingly becoming the competition of innovation ecosystem. Based on the theory of "architect" and innovation ecosystem, this paper explores the role transformation of government, pioneer and follower in innovation ecosystem’ different evolution stages, and analyzes the incubation and growth studies of innovation ecosystem in its nascent, growing and mature stages in detail. This paper empirical tests the "high-priority to low-priority" sample and the "pioneer to follower" sample through using Blinder-Oaxaca Sample decomposition model. The results show that as follows: (1) In the nascent period of innovation ecosystem, government is the "architect", and its policy effect is the driving force for the formation of innovation ecosystem. (2) In the growth stage of the innovation ecosystem, the spillover effect of the pioneer firms as the "architect" will produce the "following effect" on the following firms. (3) In the mature stage of the innovation ecosystem, there is a "multiplier effect" in the following effect generated by the production development of pioneer firms on the following firms. The policy enlightenment is that the government should give extra encouragement and support to the pioneers.