经济学实验结果外部效度排序探索研究

经济学实验在政策研究方面具有独特优点,但针对同一问题的不同实验设计,其结论的外部效度并不相同,明确现有实验研究结果的外部效度差异可以为解决实际问题提供更精确的政策制定参考,并改进相应实验设计。目前针对具体问题的经济学实验结果外部效度量化排序方法尚属空白,本文基于Harrison和List(2004)以及Levitt和List(2007)的思想提出一个对经济学实验结果外部效度进行排序的两标准判断法,两个标准分别强调实验设计类型及实验处理中的个体行为因素,并通过对嵌套社会困境环境下的公共品自愿贡献实验结果进行外部效度排序说明这一方法的操作。

Exploratory Research on External Validity Ranking Method of Experimental Results in Economics

Economics experiments have some special advantages over other analysis methods.The external validities of different economical experiments are usually different even in a same research direction.A policy making reference for real issues can be got by analyzing the experiments’external validity differences.Although some studies have provided conceptual judgment and classification perspectives on external validity of economical experiments,concrete ranking method is scanty.This thesis puts forward to a method which can rank experiments’ external validities on the basis of Harrison & List(2004) and Levitt & List(2007).The core of the method is consisted of two rules.They stress types and behavioral reaction in experiments design.Experiments on nested social dilemmas are analyzed as an applied example.