全球生产网络体系下中美贸易利益分配的界定——基于中国制造业贸易附加值的研究

中美贸易摩擦是近几年中美经济关系中的主要问题,其焦点在于双方对贸易利益分配的不同理解。随着全球生产网络的形成,传统的贸易利益评价指标已经难以准确、客观地反映国际贸易利益的分配关系。基于全球生产网络理论的附加值指标较好解决了贸易转移、国内循环和贸易回流这几个统计问题,对贸易利益的刻画要更为真实、科学。本文通过运用传统顺差指标和贸易价格指标以及现代的贸易附加值指标,对1997～2006年中国8个主要制造业部门对美贸易利得进行界定,发现对贸易利益核算方法的不同是造成贸易争端的主要技术因素。更加重要的是,中国制造业对美贸易的附加绝对价值逐年增长,但附加值比重却没有实质改善。由此,我国应该利用融入全球生产网络的机遇,实现国内附加价值比重的实际增长,为经济可持续发展提供有效动力。

The Reconsideration of Distribution of Gains from the Sino-U.S. Trade in Global Production Networks: Empirical Analysis of Manufacturing Sectors by Approach of Value-Added of Trade

Trade conflicts caused by different views on the distributions of gains from trade are focus of Sino-U.S trading affairs in recent years. In current global production networks, traditional index of trade are unsuitable and inaccurate to describe the gains from trade. However, the value-added of trade is comparatively suitable to accomplish the statistical tasks. Calibrate the Sino-U.S trading interests in Chinese manufacturing sectors during 1997 to 2006 by different approach, it finds that Sino-U.S trade c...