英国“碳底价”政策对完善我国碳定价机制的启示

碳定价被认为是实现气候目标最有效的市场化途径。英国为填补欧盟碳排放交易体系（EU ETS）配额价格过低的缺陷，实现其低碳投资目标，于2013年引入了碳底价机制。本文通过深入分析英国碳底价政策实施经验，包括政策实施背景、运行机制、费率设定、税收收入和配套措施等主要内容，及实施成效与争议，在分析我国碳市场运行初期面临的交易不活跃、碳价水平不稳定等问题基础上，提出我国可视情况引入碳底价政策，建立合理碳交易收入利用机制及加强政策协同等建议，以期为我国进一步完善全国碳市场建设提供有益参考与借鉴。

Implication of UK Carbon Price Floor Policy for China's Carbon Pricing Mechanism

Carbon Pricing is considered to be the most effective way to achieve the climate target.The UK introduced a carbon price floor in 2013 to fill the gap left by EU ETS's low quota prices and to meet its low carbon investment targets.This paper analyzes the implementation experience of UK carbon floor pricing policy,including the background of policy implementation,operating mechanism,tariff setting,tax revenue and supporting measures,as well as the implementation effect and disputes.Based on the analysis of the problems that China's carbon market faced at the beginning of its operation,such as the inactive trading and the unstable level of carbon price,this paper proposes introducing a carbon floor price policy,establishing a reasonable carbon trading revenue utilization mechanism and strengthening policy coordination,so as to provide a useful reference for China to further improve the construction of the national carbon market.