高大平房仓冬季覆膜通风降温工艺探析

充氮气调储粮技术有显著的保鲜及虫霉防治效果和良好的社会效益。为缩短春季气调密闭时间，提高资源利用率，实现高大平房仓气调仓全储存周期覆膜储藏，开展了高大平房仓覆膜通风降温试验。本试验探析覆膜通风工艺应用，对降温效果、通风均匀性、水分损失和经济效益进行了分析。结果表明，覆膜通风与揭膜通风均有良好的降温效果；与揭膜通风相比，覆膜通风的通风均匀性未明显变差，水分损失差异性不大，但单位能耗较低，能较大程度减少劳动量、减轻劳动强度、节省储粮成本及提升储粮安全性；不同品种与不同杂质含量的粮食对覆膜通风均匀性无显著影响，小麦仓覆膜通风能耗低于稻谷仓。

Analysis on Film-Covered Ventilation and Cooling Technology of Large Warehouse in Winter

The technology of contiolled atmosphere grain storage by filling nitrogen has significant fresh-keeping, pest and mildew control effect and good social benefits. In order to shorten the air-conditioning airtight time in spring, improve resource utilization, and realize the full storage cycle covered with film of the air-conditioning large warehouse, the filmcovered ventilation and cooling test of the large warehouse was carried out. This experiment explores the application of filmcovered ventilation technology, and analyzes the cooling effect, ventilation uniformity, moisture loss and economic benefit. The results show that both film-covered ventilation and film-removing ventilation have good cooling effects;compared with the film-removing ventilation, the uniformity of the ventilation of the film-covered ventilation is not significantly worsened, the difference in moisture loss is not large, but the unit energy consumption is lower, which can greatly reduce the amount of labor, reduce the labor intensity, save the cost and improve the safety of grain storage;different varieties and different impurity contents of grains have no significant effect on the uniformity of film mulching ventilation, and the energy consumption of film-covered ventilation in wheat warehouse is lower than that in rice warehouse.