能源工程企业的国际化发展路径剖析

通过整理7家典型的国际型能源工程公司的国际化发展大事记,分析这些公司国际化发展的路径,研究能源工程企业国际化发展在市场选择、产品/服务提供、国际化方式、商业模式、组织结构、资源配置等方面的演变过程,归纳出能源工程企业国际化发展的一般规律.以海外机构的组织设计形式为主要依据,将能源工程企业的国际化分为萌芽阶段、初始阶段、成长阶段、成熟阶段四个阶段,从组织设计、国际化方式、市场选择、商业模式、产品/服务提供、资源配置六个维度,总结能源工程公司在各阶段的主要特征.目前我国能源工程企业基本上处在国际化发展的萌芽或初始阶段,在实施国际化发展战略时,应该选择能源工程企业国际化早期的发展模式；宜采取海外项目承揽和国际合作的方式,要重点考虑分包和联合投标的商业模式；应将海外目标市场定位于容易进入的机会市场,重点是关系友好国家市场.

Analysis of internationalization of energy engineering enterprises

The chronicles of events in the internationalization of seven typical international energy engineering companies and their paths toward internationalization have been analyzed to investigate their evolution in terms of the selection of target markets,provision of products & services,internationalization approaches,business models,organizational structures and resource allocation,thereby establishing the general rules of the internationalization of energy engineering enterprises.Based on the overseas organizational structure model,the internationalization of energy engineering enterprises is divided into four stages:embryonic,initial,growth and mature.The main features of energy engineering companies’ internationalization can be summarized as organization design,international approach,selection of target market,business model,provision of products & services and resource allocation.China’s energy engineering enterprises are basically in an embryonic stage or the initial stage of internationalization,so the early development mode of energy engineering enterprises shall be adopted in the implementation of their internationalization strategy.Overseas project contracting and international cooperation are advisable;with a focus on subcontracting and joint bidding.Easily accessible markets,in particular the markets of countries with which China has a friendly relationship,shall be targeted for overseas development.