新疆边境旅游发展演化特征及其影响因素——霍尔果斯案例

在“一带一路”倡议背景下,中国边境旅游进入新的发展机遇期。作为丝绸之路经济带核心区,新疆的区位优势正日益凸显,边境旅游受到各级政府重视。本文基于霍尔果斯口岸地区的实地调查,通过对地方政府和企业代表进行半结构式访谈,结合大量二手资料,剖析了新疆边境旅游发展演化特征及其影响因素。研究发现,新疆边境旅游呈现出两阶段发展演化特征,分别是20世纪90年代的入境购物商贸游和21世纪以来的国内口岸观光游。中国与周边国家的地缘政治与经济格局、新疆安全形势、口岸区位、区域社会经济发展水平以及旅游供给水平是新疆边境旅游发展的主要影响因素。本文丰富了中国边境旅游区域差异性研究,对新疆边境旅游发展具有现实参考价值。

The evolution of Xinjiang’s border tourism development and its affecting factors:A case study of Horgos

In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese border tourism has entered a new development stage. Xinjiang, positioned as the core zone of the Silk Road Economic Belt, has seen increasing strategic advantages, and its border tourism is increasingly being promoted by different levels of governments. Drawing on first-hand data mainly through semi-structured interviews with government and business representatives in Khorgos on the China-Kazakhstan border, in combination with rich secondary sources of data, this study sets to unveil the evolution of Xinjiang’s border tourism development and its affecting factors. The findings show that border tourism in Xinjiang has gone through two stages, namely inbound tours for shopping and trade in the 1990s, and domestic tours for border port sightseeing since the 21st century. China’s geopolitical and geo-economic relations with neighboring countries, Xinjiang’s security situation, location of border port, regional socio-economic development level, and tourism supply level are identified as the major determinants of Xinjiang’s border tourism development. The study advances the understandings of regional difference in terms of Chinese border tourism development, and offers practical implications for border tourism development in Xinjiang.