暗夜星空旅游研究进展——基于2001—2021年英文文献的综述

近几年中国星空旅游市场快速崛起,然而国内学术界对这一旅游新业态的研究明显不足。本文采用传统的文献分析方法,对国际暗夜星空旅游的发展脉络与研究进展进行了系统梳理。研究发现：（1）在全球暗夜保护运动的推动下,星空的旅游价值得到发掘,暗夜星空体验项目在西方国家已趋于成熟;（2）国际暗夜星空旅游的实证研究于2011年起步,文献数量持续上升,质性研究与量化研究同步发展,但研究主要集中在欧洲和北美等发达国家和地区;（3）通过分析与对比天文旅游,本文界定了暗夜星空旅游的概念并探讨了暗夜星空旅游的主要特征;（4）国际暗夜星空旅游研究主要集中在光污染测量与暗夜星空旅游发展、暗夜星空旅游发展效益、暗夜星空旅游体验及其影响、暗夜星空目的地的旅游发展4个方面。对于正处在萌芽成长期的中国星空旅游而言,国际研究成果为此旅游新业态的发展与管理提供了一定的理论基础,同时也促进国内学者结合本土暗夜星空旅游市场展开具体的实证研究,逐渐建立暗夜星空旅游研究的中西对话。

Progress on dark sky tourism research: A literature review of English publications (2001-2021)

In recent years, the dark sky tourism market in China has been rapidly rising. However, little attention has been paid to this emerging type of tourism in domestic academia. In order to have a holistic understanding of international dark sky tourism development and research progress, this article employs the traditional literature analysis method to systematically sort out relevant studies published between 2001-2021. Based on the analysis of 62 English publications, results show that: (1) with the advancement of the global dark sky movement, the value of the starry dark sky for tourism has been utilised, and the dark sky programs for tourists have become mature in Western countries. (2) The empirical research on international dark sky tourism started in 2011, and the number of publications continues to grow. Qualitative and quantitative research has been developing simultaneously, but current research is mainly concentrated in developed countries and regions such as Europe and North America. (3) By analysing the umbrella concept of astro-tourism, this article has defined dark sky tourism and discussed its characteristics. (4) The progress of international dark sky tourism research mainly focuses on light pollution measurement and dark sky tourism development, multiple benefits of dark sky tourism development, dark sky tourism experience and its impact, and dark sky tourism destination development. For China's dark sky tourism stakeholders, the international research findings provide a certain theoretical basis for developing and managing this new type of tourism. At the same time, by learning international studies, domestic scholars are also encouraged to carry out specific empirical research in the Chinese dark sky tourism context, and then gradually establish the dialogue with Western dark sky tourism research.