住宅供给模式与社会财富分配

当前中国经济增长的瓶颈既不是供给过剩,也不是需求不足,更不是增长过快,而是分配不公.其根源很大程度上来自于经济增长初始阶段要素占有的不公.只要初始阶段要素的占有存在问题,不论增长的过程是否公平,最后的结果一定是社会结构的失衡.而一旦失衡的社会结构被锁定,再分配的社会成本就会极其巨大.其中,空间要素占有的先天不公,决定了居住在城市的公民和居住在乡村的居民在参与经济转型、分享经济成长所有机会的不公.城市土地是财富积累的主要手段,尽可能地将城市土地在经济增长的初始阶段平均地分配给全体公民,是避免社会分配失衡的主要途径.依靠市场,并不能自动实现城市土地初始所有权的公平分配,政府在其中扮演着关键的角色.为居民提供基本的住房,则是政府少数几个最有效的工具.

Residences Supply Mode and Social Properties Distribution

The bottleneck in current Chinese economic growing is neither oversupply nor requirement shortage nor growing over-speed but the unfair distribution,which is rooted in the unfair distribution of occupation of the initial stage factors in economic growing.If only there is problem in the occupation of initial stage factors,it would result in misbalance of social structure,no matter if the growing progress keeps fair.If the misbalanced social structure is locked,re-distribution would bring extremely severe impact to the social.The innate unfairness of the occupation of space factor dominates all unfair chances between citizens and farmers for their participating economical transformation and sharing economical growth.City land is the main method for properties accumulation,so distributing city land to all citizens fairly in the initial stage of economical growth is the key method to avoid the misbalance of social distribution.It could depend on the market to realize the fair distribution of initial land ownership automatically,but the government should play a key role.Providing the essential houses is one of the effective tools of the government.