试论城市垃圾的处理与处置

城市垃圾是人类生活必然的副产物,其组成成份和产量与社会经济的发展密切相关。城市垃圾的排放已成为世界各国面临的一大环境问题。许多国家不断采取新措施和新技术来处理和利用城市垃圾;目前广泛采用的方法有土地卫生填埋法、焚烧法和堆肥法。卫生填埋以其规模大、投资少、成本低、污染轻而成为当今世界处置城市垃圾的最佳方法。今后,城市垃圾处理与处置的发展方向是从消极处置转向积极利用,实现城市垃圾处置的减量化、资源化和无害化。

Discussion on the Treatment and Disposal of Municipal Refuse

Municipal refuse commonly include home and commercial garbage, street rubbish, construction and demolition waste. The composition of the municipal refuse is closely related with the social economic development. Tremendous quantities of liquid and solid debris from municipal sources has been become one of the environmental problems. New, innovative measures and technology that treate and reuse municipal refuse are constantly adopting. The common methods of municipal refuse disposal are sanitary landfill, incineration, and composting. Sanitary landfill are charactorized by their large scale, low cost and initial investment and slight pollution level. They are considered the best method to disposal at municipal refuse at the present time both with in China and abroad. The future method at municipal refuse disposal is to recycle waste into valuable resources.