竞争性领域国有企业与非国有企业技术效率的比较和分析——基于2000-2009年20个工业细分行业的研究

国有企业效率一直以来都是中国经济发展中的焦点问题,国有企业在竞争性领域效率的表现与其是否全面退出竞争性领域的政策主张关系密切。本文基于竞争性领域20个工业细分行业的面板数据,运用随机前沿分析方法分别计算了国有企业和非国有企业20个竞争性行业2000-2009年期间的年度技术效率。结果表明,在此期间,竞争性领域国有企业和非国有企业的工业行业技术效率之间存在差距,但由于国有企业技术效率上升态势明显,使得两者的效率总体上趋同。本文的研究结果意味着,主张目前国有企业必须从竞争性领域全面退出为时尚早,竞争性领域国有企业改革应当也能够继续深入推进,进一步提高市场的竞争程度、在适当行业扶植企业做大做强均有益于竞争性领域国有企业技术效率的提升。

The Comparison and Analysis of the Industrial Technical Efficiency between the State-owned and Non-state-owned Competitive Industries from 2000 to 2009: The Study Based on Twenty Competitive Industries

In recent years,the efficiency of the state-owned enterprises of China has always been the focus of the Chinese economy,and the performance of state-owned competitive industries’efficiency is closely related to whether the state-owned enterprises should completely withdraw from the competitive field or not.Based on the panel data(2000-2009)of competitive industries,this paper calculates the annual technical efficiency of twenty state-owned and non-state-owned competitive industries respectively.The results shows that there is a gap between the technical efficiency of state-owned and non-state-owned competitive industries in the 2000-2009 decade,and the technical efficiency of the state-owned industries is rising so obviously that the efficiency of both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises is convergent in general.The results of this paper also mean that it is too early for the state-owned enterprises to withdraw completely from the competitive industries,and the reform of competitive state-owned industrial enterprises should continue and be able to be continued.In the end,improving the degree of market competition and making the enterprises bigger and stronger in suitable industries will all be beneficial to the upgrading of the technical efficiency of state-owned enterprises in competitive field.