公有制与按劳分配：一个创新视角

有必要将按劳分配区分为探索型按劳分配与理想型按劳分配,我国目前并不具备实施理想型按劳分配所需要的＂马克思条件＂,但可以实施探索型按劳分配。目前学界普遍将按劳分配的比例范围等同于公有制的比例范围,但理论与实践都表明这不过是一种可能性极小的＂刃锋＂情形,由于存在＂示范效应＂与＂失范效应＂,二者更可能不相一致甚至背道而驰。当前应进一步解放思想,以更广阔的视野来审视所有制问题,从社会主义初级阶段的整个阶段而非局部阶段来看待以公有制经济为主体的基本经济制度,将两类经济的融合发展作为今后一段时期基本经济制度的主要实现形式;将社会主义的本质定义和＂三个有利于＂的标准作为衡量公有制与按劳分配问题的最终标准。

Innovation Research on Public Ownership and Distribution According to Work

It is necessary to divided distribution according to work into the exploration type and the ideal type. We don＇t have the Marx conditions to implement the ideal type but can implement the exploration type. At present,scholars generally believe that the ratio range of distribution according to labor equal to that of the public ownership,but this is just a chance according to the theory and Practice. Their ratio ranges may not be consistent because of the ＂demonstration effect＂ and ＂ anomie effect＂. We should further emancipate the mind and to examine the ownership problem by a broader perspective. We should understand the basic economic system from the whole period of the primary stage of socialism,and take the stateowned economy and the Private economy integration and development as the main realization form of the basic economic system in the next period. The essence of socialism and the ＂three benefits＂ criterions are the ultimate measure of the public ownership and distribution according to work problems.