南非基础研究经费投入格局和近期出台的计划与举措

2014年5月南非新一届内阁成立,其新任科技部长宣布将在未来5年内实现RD占GDP比重为1.5%的目标,显示出南非科技投入将进入一个新的历史阶段。南非基础研究投入一直处于稳步增长态势,其政府是主要投入力量。近年来,南非针对基础研究出台了一系列的相关战略、计划与措施,如:加大对大科学计划的支持;出台了生物经济战略;加强对科学基础设施建设的规划;扩大卓越中心建设,提升基础研发能力;大力吸引科技人才,加强科研领军人才队伍建设等。期望通过对南非基础研究投入的发展和格局变化的介绍,以及对南非政府出台的相关政策措施的分析研究,对我国依靠创新驱动和提高基础研究能力具有一定的借鉴意义。

Structure of Financial Input in Basic Research in South Africa and Related S & T Programs and Measures

While the new cabinet of South Africa was set up in May 2014, the new minister of Department of Science and Technology declared that the target of 1.5% of R＆amp;D/GDP will be realized in next 5 years. It displays that South Africa’s ifnancial input in science and technology will reach a new historic stage. The basic research spending in South Africa has been increased in recent years. The government plays a main role in the financial input and implemented a series of programmes and measures as follows： empowering the support to the major S＆amp;T programs; issuing the Bio-economy Strategy; strengthening the plan of S＆amp;T infrastructure construction;raising the ability of basic research;increasing the amount of centres of excellence;attracting more S＆amp;T talents;enhancing the cultivation of research pioneers and so on. This article describes the development and structure change of South Africa’s input in basic research and its strategies, programs and measures in science and technology in order to provide some references to the S＆amp;T development driven by innovation and the raise of the basic research ability in our country.