Food aid targeting in Ethiopia: A study of who needs it and who gets it |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Michigan State University, Institute of International Agriculture, 324 Agriculture Hall, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;2. Famine Early Warning System Project, United States Agency for International Development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;3. Ministry of Economic Development and Cooperation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;1. National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China;2. Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China;3. Xi''an Chest Hospital, Xi''an 710061, Shaanxi, China;1. Braintree Global Health, Cambridge, MA, USA;2. Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;3. Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive and Child Health Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK;4. School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, SNNPR, Ethiopia;5. Ethiopian Development Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;6. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway;7. Maternal and Child Health Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;8. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA;9. Amhara Regional Health Bureau, South Wollo and Dessie City, Ethiopia;10. Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil;1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China;1. Children׳s Hospital of Philadelphia Refugee Health Program, Philadelphia, PA;2. CHOP Karabots Pediatric Care Center, Philadelphia, PA;3. University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA;1. Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science, University of Illinois, 255 Computing Applications Building, MC-150, 605 East Springfield Avenue, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;2. Department of Geography, Ohio University, Clippinger 111, Athens, OH 45701, USA |
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| Abstract: | The need for systematic, empirical analysis of food aid targeting and impacts is overwhelming, especially given the large numbers of people concerned and volume of funds allocated to the problem of feeding Ethiopia's food insecure. This research examines the efficiency of food aid targeting in rural Ethiopia based on empirical evidence from a nationally representative survey of 4166 farm households.A key finding of the study is that there is no significant association between household food insecurity (vulnerability) and food aid receipts—a result of high errors of exclusion and inclusion at both the wereda and household levels. Four factors are identified as causes of the high level of targeting error: (1) the primary beneficiaries of food aid programs are found to be households at the extremes in terms of food availability: those with the least and those with the most food available; (2) a disproportionate number of female and aged heads of households received food aid, irrespective of their food needs; (3) an inability of the food aid system to reach households outside of the historically deficit areas; and (4) a disproportionate concentration of food aid in the region of Tigray. |
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