农业的非商品产出的外部性与非贸易关注问题

非贸易关注问题的本质特征是农业的多功能性,即商品产出功能和非商品产出功能。非商品产出功能的基本特征是联合生产特征、公共产品特征和外部性,这三个特征互相融合,是三位一体的关系。本文对农业的非商品产出的外部性在国际贸易中的影响进行了理论分析,得出结论,在多数情况下,人们观察到的在自由贸易中进口国利益受损的原因在于农业的外部性未被内部化,而不是通常人们认为的是由自由贸易所导致的。在此基础上推论出其在非贸易关注问题中的政策含义,并指出了谁在非贸易关注问题中受益。最后,提出了我国在非贸易关注问题中应持的立场。

The Externalities of the Agricultural Non-good Production and the Non-trade Concerns

The innate character of non-trade concerns is the agricultural multi-functionality,namely good and non-good productive functions.The basic characters of non-good productive function are united production,public goods and externalities,which are three in one and blend mutually.Based on the theory analysis of the effects of the externalities of the agricultural non-good production on international trade,the result indicates that the reason why people find import countries suffer losses in free trade in most cases is that the agricultural externalities are not internalized,and is not the free trade itself.And then,this paper infers its policy implications and who are the beneficiaries in non-trade concerns.At last,the paper puts forward China's standpoints in non-trade concerns.