基于联盟的数字产业技术标准国际化路径研究——以昕诺飞为例

数字产业具有前沿性、复杂性和高度不确定性，技术标准国际化是数字产业保持全球竞争力的重要举措。采用纵向单案例研究法，以昕诺飞为研究对象，探索企业推进技术标准国际化的路径及机制。结果表明，昕诺飞实现技术标准国际化的主要路径是基于自主研发或收购专利组建标准联盟或专利联盟并制定发布联盟标准，进而将其转化为国际标准、目标国国家标准和团体标准；企业可基于标准开展相应认证检测，形成“联盟+标准+专利+认证检测”的闭环，实现“技术专利化—专利标准化—标准国际化—市场垄断化”的良性循环，以维持企业长期竞争优势；推进技术标准国际化的关键在于组建联盟，我国数字产业可通过“标准联盟+专利联盟”的双联盟策略，形成核心层稳固的开放式战略联盟，通过构建共生演化生态系统推进技术标准国际化。

The Internationalization Path of Digital Industry Technology Standards fromthe Perspective of Alliances:A Case Study of Signify

The digital industry is cutting-edge, complex, and highly uncertain, and the internationalization of technical standards is an important measure that can help China's digital industry to maintain competitive advantages in the global market. The scope of standard competition has escalated from enterprise level to industry and national levels, and the close relationship between the digital industry and national security has further intensified standard competition. The issue of how to aspects grasp the evolution trend of the internationalization of technical standards is currentl a hot academic issue, and two areas calling for improvement have emerged. First, existing research is more concentrated in the information and communications technology (ICT) industry, but there is little research on case studies of successful enterprises in the field of intelligent manufacturing to summarize the traditional enterprises' experiences in business model transformation during their venture into digital industries. Second, existing research has rarely made an in-depth interpretation of the internationalization path of technical standards from multiple perspectives including alliances, standards, patents and certification testing.#br#This paper adopts the vertical single case study method to explore the internationalization path and mechanism of technical standards with the company Signify as the study object because of its great success in promoting internationalization of technical standards. Research findings include three main points. First, alliances play a vital role in the internationalization of technical standards. Signify's international standards are all transformed from and based on alliance standards. Signify continuously participates in or forms the alliances in promoting the internationalization of technical standards and guides the development of these alliances by holding important positions, thus providing a carrier and foundation for the internationalization of technical standards. Second, patents serve as the technological capital required to join an alliance. The internal embodiment of an alliance is essentially patent sharing and benefit distribution among core enterprises. Signify accumulates technological capital and leads the alliances through patent purchases and continuous research and developments. It thus promotes the formulation of standards, accepts certification testing, and finally builds a complete closed loop of internationalization of technical standards. Finally, the combination strategy of "alliance+standards+patents+certification testing" can help in achieving the goal of quick occupation of the global market. Using this combination strategy, Signify has rapidly increased its market share in the intelligent lighting field and other fields and thus maintained its leadership in the global market. In particular, the inclusion of certification testing has greatly extended the life cycle of technical standards in the international market and consolidated Signify's long-term leading position in the intelligent lighting industry.#br#This study makes the following theoretical contributions. First, from the perspective of alliances,it explores the internationalization of digital industry technical standards as well as the combination strategy of collaboratively promoting standards, patents, and certification testing in participating in or being the leading organization in alliances. Therefore, this study enriches the research on the internationalization of digital industry technical standards from the perspective of alliances. Second, it enriches the research on the digital transformation of traditional enterprises by making the case study of Signify to explore how the players in the digital industry maintain international leadership by formulating the standards. The research conclusions also provide management implications for further promoting the internationalization of China's digital industry technical the standards. Relevant enterprises can carry out corresponding certification testing based on standards, form a closed loop of "alliance+standards+patents+certification testing", and realize a virtuous cycle of "technology patenting—patent standardization—standard internationalization-market monopolization" so as to maintain their long-term competitive advantage. The key to the internationalization of technical standards is the establishment of alliances. China's digital industry may form open strategic alliances with stable core through the dual alliance strategy of "standard alliance+patent alliance" and build a symbiotic evolution ecosystem to promote the internationalization of technical standards.#br#