中国情境下企业创新绩效要素协同驱动路径研究

立足于中国情境，采用模糊集定性比较分析法（fsQCA），以143家企业为样本，系统研究制度环境、异质性知识来源和吸收能力不同维度耦合组态对创新绩效的影响路径及作用机制。结果发现：①存在3条高创新绩效驱动路径，即政府主导下依托外部知识—吸收能力的探索式创新驱动型路径、关系主导下依托外部知识—吸收能力的探索式创新驱动型路径和依托内部知识—吸收能力的利用式创新驱动型路径；②不同路径内部构成要素间存在替代或互补关系；③驱动高创新绩效的路径间存在等价性。基于组态视角探究中国情境下创新绩效内化机制及协同驱动路径，对企业提升创新绩效具有一定借鉴意义。

The Collaborative Driving Path of Innovation Performance Factors in Chinese context

Coupled with the adverse impact on the global economy caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, the international environment has been increasingly complex and competitive. In the long run, the lack of core technology hinders the innovation in China. Only by stimulating the technological innovation vitality of enterprises can we effectively promote the development strategy of strengthening China through science and technology. The first priority for enterprises to take the initiative in the market competition is to keenly perceive and accurately grasp the environmental changes, keep focused on the core factors affecting enterprise innovation, so that they make full use of their own resource advantages, break through the shackles of internal and external constraints to make innovations timely.#br#Combing the system based theory, knowledge-based theory, dynamic capability theory and relevant research results, this study confirms that external context variables must go through a complex and hidden heterogeneous internalization process before they can directly act on the internal behavior of the organization. Therefore, enterprise innovation is often affected by multiple external factors such as the system and market, and its own dynamic absorptive capacity, resource base and other internal factors. However, when exploring the unique innovation problems of Chinese enterprises, the existing literature has centered around the independent influence effect of each factor on innovation performance from a single theoretical perspective, mostly focusing on the analysis of the influence mechanism of a single factor on innovation performance or the adjustment and intermediary role of a variable. The mechanism of collaborative interaction of heterogeneous knowledge sources and absorptive capacity and other factors affecting innovation is rarely involved, and few scholars explore the operation path and paradigm of local innovation in line with China's situation.#br#Therefore relying on the system based theory, the knowledge-based theory and the dynamic capability theory, this study takes 143 enterprises as samples, and selects six types of subdivided antecedent variables, including the formal system environment, the informal system environment, the internal knowledge heterogeneity, the external knowledge heterogeneity, the potential absorptive capacity and the actual absorptive capacity, and selects the innovation performance as the outcome variable. The qualitative comparative analysis methods of fuzzy sets (fsQCA method) is used to conduct an in-depth study on the factor collaborative driving path of enterprise innovation performance, and systematically study the influence path and mechanism of different dimension coupling configuration of institutional environment, heterogeneous knowledge source and absorptive capacity on innovation performance.#br#It is found that firstly there are three high innovation performance driving paths, namely, the exploratory innovation driving path relying on external knowledge absorption capacity under the leadership of the government, the exploratory innovation driving path relying on external knowledge absorption capacity under the leadership of the relationship, and the utilization innovation driving path relying on internal knowledge absorption capacity. Secondly there is substitution or complementarity between internal components of different paths. Comparing paths H1 and H2, it is found that there is strong complementarity between external heterogeneous knowledge and absorptive capacity, and there is substitution between formal institutional environment and informal institutional environment. Comparing paths H2 and H3, it is found that the two dimensions involved in heterogeneous knowledge sources have substitution relationships. Thirdly there is the equivalence in the action mechanism of innovation driving factors on the improvement of innovation performance, that is, there are many combinations that can produce high innovation performance in the institutional environment, heterogeneous knowledge sources and absorptive capacity.#br#The research results of this paper have strong applicability and exploration values. The research conclusion is helpful for an integrated analysis of the development path of high innovation performance of enterprises, and it greatly expands the characteristic theory and practice research system of enterprise innovation in the Chinese context, and provides more practical theoretical reference and constructive guidance for enterprise innovation strategic decision-making. On the one hand, this paper confirms the strategic support effect of internal and external factors on enterprise innovation performance. Enterprises should consider the coupling and matching relationship between their own internal resources and the concrete innovation environment based on the Chinese situation,deploy heterogeneous knowledge acquisition networks and choose innovation paths accordingly. On the other hand, this paper responds to the fundamental significance of strengthening institutional confidence based on local innovation practice.#br#The method of QCA has the limitation on the number of antecedent conditions, so this study divides the institutional environment into formal and informal institutional environments. To enhance the theoretical and practical value of the research conclusions, the institutional environment can be subdivided into more dimensions such as cognition, regulation and norms. Moreover other quantitative research methods are expected tocombine with the QCA method to further enrich the research on the collaborative driving path of innovation performance factors in the Chinese context.#br#