风险管理：对中国企业“走出去”的几点思考

中国从一个资本纯流入大国正迅速转变成一个资本投资大国。近10年来,中国大部分对外投资是通过央企对外并购实现的,并购多集中在石油矿产等能源与自然资源领域。中国企业＂走出去＂是必然的选择,风险再大也要坚定前行,但必须头脑清醒,战略明确,知己知彼,对自身的优劣和国内国际大环境有清醒的认识。中国企业＂走出去＂的前景虽然广阔,但亦荆棘密布,社会政治、货币汇率、自然灾害、企业投资决策以及经营管理等诸多风险如影相随。面对这些风险,即便是具有丰富国际运营经验的西方跨国公司也须如履薄冰。中国企业＂走出去＂还必须对文化整合、尊重企业自身发展规律和融入深刻变化的世界格局给予充分的重视,因为它们是能否成功的更深层次的因素。中国企业＂走出去＂,不仅应该让中国得益,也应该让世界得益,只有让所有相关方得益的项目才是风险最小的项目。一个企业,不论多强大,都必须谋求合作多赢,必须有所畏惧、有所节制,才能走得长远。

Risk management:reflections on Chinese enterprisesgoing abroad

China is moving rapidly from being a net capital inflow country to being a capital investment power.For the past 10 years,most of China’s foreign investment was realized by central enterprises through mergers and acquisitions targeting foreign enterprises.These mergers and acquisitions focused on the natural resources sector,specifically oil and other energy and minerals.Chinese enterprises’"going abroad"is the inevitable choice,regardless of risk.There is only one way to move ahead,but it must be clearheaded.Chinese enterprises need strategic clarity, to know the rival just as themselves,and to have a clear understanding of the domestic and international environments.The prospect of Chinese enterprises’"going abroad"is broad,but also full of thorny issues and accompanied by all kinds of risk--social, political,policy,exchange-rate,natural disaster, business investment,management,etc.Faced with these risks,even Western multinationals with extensive international operating experience tread on thin ice. Chinese enterprises’"going abroad"culture of integration must give pay full attention to respecting their own pattern of development while integrating with a world of profound changes in management methods because these can be deeper success factors.Chinese enterprises’"going abroad"should not only let China benefit,but also should let the world benefit,meaning all related people benefiting from project talents which make those projects the least risky ones.A business,no matter how powerful,must seek win-win cooperation, and Chinese companies must be cautious and restrained in order to succeed long term.