国有林区缓解贫困与生态保护共生协调度及应用研究

[目的]缓解贫困与生态保护的协调发展关系到区域的可持续发展问题,对国有林区缓解贫困与保护森林生态系统安全两者关系的分析研究是生态文明建设新阶段值得高度关注的课题。正确处理生态保护与林区经济发展互促互进具有重要意义,把国有林区缓解贫困与森林生态保护看作两个相互影响相互作用的生物体,用以揭示国有林区缓解贫困与生态保护之间的协调共生关系,以期为区域可持续发展提供理论基础和现实依据。[方法]以黑龙江省国有森工林区40个林业局为研究对象,选取2016年国有森工林区贫困与森林生态综合发展水平的14个指标数据,并运用主客观赋权法确定各指标权重,构建两子系统的共生协调度模型,探究国有森工林区各林业局贫困与生态的共生协调模式的空间布局和差异。[结果]黑龙江省国有森工林区共生协调模式呈现多样化趋势,经历互利共生、寄生协调、寄生冲突和互害竞争等关系,但寄生模式是黑龙江省国有林区贫困与生态的主要模式。[结论]黑龙江省森工国有林区要想实现缓解贫困与生态保护的共生协调,一方面需要加大对森林资源的保护的投入及抚育力度,另一方面森工企业要转变生产方式,优化林业产业结构,提高对林木资源的利用效率。

APLLICATION OF COEXISTENCE DEGREE OF POVERTY ALLEIVIATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION IN STATE OWNED FOREST AREAS

The coordination between poverty alleviation and ecological protection is related to the sustainable development of a region. The analysis of the relationship between poverty alleviation and the protection of forest ecosystem security in state owned forest areas is a topic of great concern in the new stage of ecological civilization construction. It is of great significance to correctly deal with the ecological protection and the economic development of forest areas. This paper considers poverty alleviation and forest ecological protection as interacting organisms to study the coordinated symbiotic relationship between poverty and ecology in state owned forest areas, so as to provide theoretical and realistic basis for forestry related decision making and sustainable development of the region. Fourteen indicator data of poverty alleviation and forest ecology in state owned forest areas in 2016 were selected, and the weights of each index were determined by subjective and objective weighting method. The 40 forestry bureaus in the state owned forest areas of Heilongjiang province were taken as research object, and the symbiosis coordination model of the two subsystems was constructed to explore the spatial layout of the symbiotic relationship between poverty and ecology of the forestry bureaus in the state owned forest areas. The symbiosis model of state owned forest areas in Heilongjiang province demonstrated diversified trends and experienced mutual symbiosis, parasitic coordination, parasitic conflict and mutual harm competition, but the parasitic pattern was the main mode of poverty and ecology in state owned forest areas in Heilongjiang province. In order to realize the symbiotic coordination of poverty alleviation and ecological protection, the state owned forest areas of Heilongjiang province need to increase the investment and tending of forest resources. On the other hand, forestry enterprises should change production methods and optimize forestry industry structure and improve the utilization efficiency of forest resources.