种养业现代化发展的瓶颈及突破路径

目的]种养业现代化的纵深时期,许多瓶颈问题亟待突破,以期为引领探索的企业明晰发展方向与路径。方法]利用系统动力学、演化经济学理论方法,层层演绎由表象挖掘种养业现代化过程中根本性的瓶颈问题;基于企业跟踪调研和专家访谈,利用系统分析、突变与协同理论方法,指出发展瓶颈突破的关键。结果](1)种养业价值实现的逻辑发生了变化,交易消费模式、技术创新模式、组织运作模式变革;(2)对标发达国家种养业,种养业全链条融合发展的瓶颈是信息收集与传递效率低、产业链跨环节链接不紧密、利益链接机制设计不合理;(3)瓶颈突破的关键在于:基于信息化构建综合解决方案、基于规模化促进农资农艺农械匹配、基于技术集成提升创新成果转化效率。结论]基于种植养殖规模经济与服务范围经济的规模竞争型、基于地方资源禀赋的优势特色型、基于种养结合的功能型是种养业现代化融合发展可供选择的路径模式。

BOTTLENECKS AND SOLVED PATH OF PLANTING AND BREEDING INDUSTRY DURING MODERNIZATION DEVELOPMENT

In planting and breeding industry modernization deep development period, many bottlenecks need to be solved, in order to clarify the development direction and path for the exploring enterprises. The fundamental bottlenecks in planting and breeding industry modernization process were excavated with the theories and methods of system dynamics and evolutionary economics. Based on enterprise tracking investigation and expert interview, the key to the solvement of development bottlenecks was specified out with system analysis method and mutation and synergy theories. The main results showed that (1) The logic of the value realization of planting and breeding industry had changed, leading to the mode reformation of trading consumption, technological innovation and organizational operation. (2) Compared with the developed countries, the bottlenecks of the integration development of planting and breeding industry were the low efficiency of information collection and transmission, the loose link between the industrial chain and the unreasonable design of the benefit link mechanism. (3) The keys of bottleneck breakthrough laid in the construction of comprehensive solutions based on informationization, the match of agricultural inputs, appliances and process based on scale, and the improvement of the transformation efficiency of innovation results based on technology integration. The scale competition mode of planting and breeding scale economy and service for economies of scope, the advantage featured mode based on local resource endowment and the function fusion mode based on breeding combination are the path modes, which can be selected for the modernization development of planting and breeding industry.