Development and Validation of the Green Food and Beverage Literacy Scale

This study developed a scale to evaluate green food and beverage literacy (GFBL) among hospitality college students. The scale was developed using a six-stage scale development process. An expert survey was used to confirm the definition and domain of GFBL and the developed items. Using split questionnaire design, a pretest and initial survey were conducted to purify and confirm the validity of each literacy scale. An integrated survey was then administered to 250 senior hospitality college students to confirm the reliability and validity of the entire GFBL scale. Finally, a new set of 245 samples of data was used to examine the cross-validation of the entire GFBL scale. Based on the results of second-order confirmatory factor analysis using 60 items, eight literacy factors were identified. The results indicated that the most crucial factor of GFBL is individual consumer behavior pertaining to green food and beverage (GFB). Potential theoretical and practical applications of this scale are also discussed.