明渠流水击现象基本理论探讨

从一维明渠非恒定流基本方程组出发,采用特征线法进行数值离散,探讨了明渠流水击现象的基本理论。以南水北调中线工程总干渠某段明渠为例,计算分析了设计流量和加大流量下进、出口节制闸同时关闭时的水位最大壅高值。指出:明渠流中亦存在水击现象,这种水击可划分为直接水击和间接水击,水击的出现类型与断面水力要素及渠长有关。

Approach to the Fundamental of Water Hammer Phenomena of Open Channel Flow

The paper approaches the basic theory of water hammer of open channel flow from the point of elementary set of equations of unsteady flow of one-dimensional open channel and using the characteristic method for numerical discrete.It calculates and analyzes the maximum value of back-up water level when check gates of inlet and outlet are closed simultaneously under the conditions of designed and increased discharge by taking an open channel section of general main canal of the Middle Route of South North Water Transfer Project as an example.It points out that the open channel flow also has the phenomenon of water hammer,which can be divided into direct and indirect water hammer and the types of such water hammer is related with hydraulic elements of cross section and the length of canal.