日本海洋科技开发战略及动向

日本是能源和矿产资源极为稀缺的国家,为了摆脱在资源和能源领域受制于人的被动局面,日本正在制定雄心勃勃的海洋开发战略,希望通过促进"产官学研"密切协作的方式,在海洋开发上获得突破。日本海洋开发的重要领域包括:海底可燃冰、海底稀土、海底热水矿床、海水提取锂、海流发电、海上风电及海洋藻类生物燃料。通过对日本政府指导海洋开发的纲领性文件《海洋基本计划》的分析与研究,期望对我国未来制定较为全面的海洋科技开发战略提供参考。

The Strategies and Trends of Japanese Marine Science & Technology

Japan is extremely scarce in energy and mineral resources. In order to get rid of this passive situation, Japan is making an ambitious marine development strategy, intending to find another way to get the resources and energy from offshore. The Japanese government hopes to promote collaborative approach among ＂industry, government and research＂ to achieve a breakthrough in marine development, and get results as quickly as possible. The key fields of marine development include： icy methane hydrates, rare earth deposits, submarine hydrothermal deposits, lithium extraction from seawater, ocean current generation, offshore wind generation, marine algae bio-fuel, etc. This paper briefly analyzed The Basic Marine Plan which guides Japan developing the ocean, the key areas and the progress of the ocean development of Japan, cutting-edge marine equipments used in Japanese marine development, which is worthwhile to be shared by the related domestic departments.