印度技术转移的演进过程、成功经验及其启示

印度在科技领域特别是高端科技领域成就显著,与其长期坚持的促进科技与经济融合发展的技术转移政策密不可分。印度技术转移演进过程可分为萌芽、本土化、自由化及转型发展等4个时期。印度政府高度重视技术转移工作,并发挥了主导作用:加强了技术转移工作顶层设计,完善了技术转移法律法规体系,强化了技术转移知识产权管理,形成了全方位的资金投入格局,构建了多层次科技成果转化载体。印度技术转移模式主要有:技术许可模式、创立新公司模式、合作研究模式及咨询顾问模式。我国技术转移在实践过程中存在一些问题,应借鉴印度技术转移发展过程中的成功经验,强化政府技术转移宏观引导,加速技术转移机构能力建设,完善知识产权管理,推动多种技术转移模式协同发展。

The Evolution,Characteristics of Technology Transfer in India and Its Implications for China

The remarkable achievements in the field of S＆T, especially in the high-tech fields, are inseparable with the long-term adherence to technology transfer policy of promoting the fusion of S＆T and economy. The evolution process of technology transfer in India can be divided into four stages, i.e. embryonic stage, localization stage, liberalization stage and transition stage. India paid high attention to technology transfer and played a leading role in technology transfer. Technology transfer modes in India mainly include the licensing model, creating new companies model, cooperation research and consulting model. Measures taken by India government include strengthening the top-level design, perfecting the laws and regulations with respect to technology transfer, reinforcing the management of intellectual property, forming a comprehensive investment pattern and constructing a multi-level supporter of technology transfer, which is worthwhile to be shared by Chinese related departments in their technology transfer.