崇明岛生态安全的主要问题及对策探讨

生态安全是可持续发展的重要基础。崇明岛特殊的地理特征、区位条件决定了崇明生态安全问题的复杂性,而新一轮社会经济发展则为崇明生态环境建设带来了更大的压力和挑战。本文从决定生态安全的生态系统自身的特点和其承受的生态风险的两个维度,分析和归纳得出崇明岛的生态安全局势存在以下几个问题:生态系统本身的脆弱性和面临的巨大压力;生态系统稳定性较差,生物多样性有限;生态风险源的多样性和多尺度性;未来土地利用/土地覆被的较大变化将对生态安全产生深刻影响等。最后,针对性地提出生态安全主要问题的对策。

On the Major Problems of Ecological Security of Chongming Island and the Possible Solutions

Ecological security is the important basis of the sustainable development. The unique geographical features of the Chongming Island and the regional conditions render the issues of ecological security of Chongming Island quite complex. A new round of social and economic development brings greater pressure and challenges in the construction of ecological environment. Based on the ecosystem of ecological security itself and the ecological risks undertaken, the essay draws the conclusion that the ecological security patters of Chongming Island are characterized by the fragility of the ecosystem per se and the great pressure it is confronted with. Besides, there is a low biodiversity and a poor stability of ecological systems, a diversity and multi-scalarity of ecological risk sources. It is also pointed out the future land use will have a profound impact on the ecological security. Finally, some measures are put forward concerning the major issues of ecological security.