杰出的管理创造卓越的成就--访美国宇航局喷气推进实验室

创造卓越的成就 ,除了人才、资源、环境等刚性条件外 ,高效的管理 ,作为弹性条件 ,则起着斜率的作用 ,具有事半功倍 ,抑或事倍功半的效力。本文根据作者在美国宇航局喷气推进实验室 (NASA/JPL)作高级访问学者期间对该实验室的观察了解 ,阐述了喷气推进实验室的结构框架 ,特别介绍了实验室的矩阵式管理模式 ,项目类型与设置 ,人才管理、培养、考核与激励的方法与机制等。杰出科研管理的核心就是要营造一种鼓励创新思维 ,追求卓越成就的氛围 ,让科研人员最大限度地发挥他们的潜能 ,为我国创新体系作贡献。

Remarkable Achievements out of Excellent Management--A Visit to NASA/JPL

Remarkable achievements call for such rigid conditions as talented personnel, resources, and environment. Meanwhile, as a flexible condition, highly efficient management plays a slope function with an effect of getting twice the result with half the effort or vice versa. Based on the author's observation in JPL/NASA during her visit there as a senior visiting scholar, this paper describes the structural frame of the lab, particularly its matrix mode of management, project classification and establishment, methods and mechanism of personnel management, training, testing and stimulation. The key of excellent management of science and technology is to create an atmosphere of encouraging creative thinking and pursuing remarkable achievements, thus ensuring scientific and technological workers to give full play to their potentials to make contributions to the creative system in China.