新形势下农业科研院所纪检监察工作的认识与思考

目的]通过总结地膜覆盖农田相关研究现状及研究趋势,以期为地膜制造、生产、使用、回收全过程的科学规划管理提供参考依据.方法]文章为了客观全面掌握国内外地膜覆盖技术研究现状,明确研究重点、前沿问题和热点问题,利用文献计量法,借助CNKI和Web of Science文献库,分析近20年国内外地膜覆盖技术研究进展.主要对地膜覆盖栽培技术的积极作用、负面影响、综合评价研究以及地膜覆盖农田遥感监测等4个方面进行分析.结果]目前国内外地膜覆盖农田研究主要有两方面,即地膜覆盖栽培技术对农作物增产积极效益研究和地膜覆盖对大气环境(如二氧化碳、甲烷、一氧化二氮等温室气体排放)和土壤环境的影响以及残留地膜的影响等负面效应研究.然而,对地膜覆盖技术综合影响研究、地膜农田时空格局及变化研究相对较少.结论]地膜覆盖技术综合效益评估研究、地膜农田时空格局及变化研究,以及地膜覆盖农田定量遥感研究应受到更多关注.

REFLECTION ON THE DISCIPLINE INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION IN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTIFICRESEARCH INSTITUTES UNDER THE NEW SITUATION

The plastic mulching technology have been got extensive application quickly in our country and significantly improved the agricultural productivity and made a great contribution to guarantee food safety in China, due to its positive effects of improving hydrothermal conditions in farmland, promoting crop growth, increasing crop yield. Therefore, to obtain a full picture of current research situation and focuses, forefront and hot issues, in this paper, we taken CNKI and Web of Science literature library as the main data source, used bibliometric methods to examine the present situation and the research development of plastic-mulched farmland in recent 20 years. Four aspects were mainly included: the positive effect and negative impacts of plastic mulching practice, comprehensive evaluation of the positive and negative aspects, and monitoring the spatial pattern of plastic-mulched farmland, respectively. The results showedthat the research about plastic-mulched farmland contained positiveand negative effects at home and abroad. However, it lacked the study on the comprehensive effects and the spatial-temporal pattern and changes of plastic mulching. In future, itshouldprovide effective references for the production, uses and scientific planning and management of plastic mulching practice,assess the comprehensive benefits and the spatial-temporal pattern of plastic-mulched farmland, as well as study on the plastic-mulched farmland using quantitative remote sensing