The role of market research and consultation in developing parking policy |
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| Institution: | 1. School of the Built Environment/Transport Research Institute, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, Scotland, UK;2. McCormick Rankin Corporation, 300-1145 Hunt Club Road, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1V 0Y3;3. Transport Studies Group, Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK;4. MVA Consultancy, Stewart House, Thistle Lane, Edinburgh EH2 3BY, Scotland, UK;1. Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, 36-40 University Road, Leeds LS29JT, UK;2. Transport Studies Group, Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE113TU, UK;1. Centre for Transport and Society, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;2. Department of Geography and Human Environment, Tel Aviv University, PO Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel;1. University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States;2. Nelson\\Nygaard Consulting Associates, New York, NY 10001, United States;3. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, United States;1. Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;2. Department of Transportation Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sao-carlense, 400 – Centro, 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | There is a demonstrable link between parking availability, price and mode choice, and parking policy has been shown to be a powerful demand management tool. Parking however is clearly an area of policy conflict since using it to manage demand may reduce revenue generation, or (be perceived to) damage the local economy. In terms of on-street and off-street parking there are a wide range of users who often have conflicting opinions, which have to be taken into account in its management, invariably leading to parking policies and measures that do not maximise the demand management potential of parking.This paper presents a range of public and business opinion data, from the case study of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, collected as part of the consultation for its parking strategy in 2005–2006. The strategy covers a wider geographical area than simply the city centre, and whilst this paper makes reference to this wider area it primarily deals with the city centre since that is where the majority of the parking strategy issues are to be found. After setting the policy and political context, the paper goes on to present these data. It then shows how the city's parking policies were changed in response to the consultation. These policy changes are compared with parking policies that would solely manage travel demand, to demonstrate how the political process leads to compromise in the formulation of parking policies and measures. |
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