京津冀区域乡村旅游发展环境差异及权衡协同关系

[目的]在碳达峰碳中和目标下探讨乡村旅游发展环境的区域差异，促进乡村旅游业实现可持续绿色发展，有效把握京津冀乡村旅游发展环境的宏观态势。[方法]文章构建京津冀乡村旅游发展环境评价指标体系，运用变异系数法和地理探测器分析京津冀乡村旅游发展环境的时空动态差异，进一步采用Spearman相关分析探究乡村旅游亚系统的权衡协同关系及权衡程度。[结果]（1） 2009—2019年京津冀区域乡村旅游发展环境整体呈趋好性发展态势，乡村旅游发展环境亚系统作用强度不均衡，趋势变动最为明显的是呈上升趋势的资源环境和呈下降趋势的发展成效，区域间乡村旅游发展环境的变异系数逐渐缩小，空间格局由四周高中间低向中间高四周低演变；（2）各维度对发展影响力差异显著，生态环境和资源环境为强等作用维度层，经济环境为中等作用维度层，社会环境为弱等作用强度层。绝大多数双因子的组合结果均优于单因子的作用强度，即京津冀乡村旅游发展环境差异是多因子组合作用的结果。[结论]京津冀乡村旅游发展环境系统相对协调，但也面临经济发展与生态保护冲突、社会发展和旅游发展成效联系度不强，互动促进作用弱而独立性强的问题。

ENVIRONMENTAL DIFFERENCE AND TRADEOFF SYNERGISTIC RELATIONSHIP OF RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION

This research aims to discuss the regional differences of rural tourism development environment under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, so as to promote the sustainable and green development of rural tourism and effectively grasp the macro situation of rural tourism development environment in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. In this paper, an environmental evaluation index system for rural tourism development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was constructed, and spatio-temporal dynamic differences of rural tourism development environment in the region were analyzed by using the coefficient of variation method and geographical probes. And the Spearman correlation analysis was further used to explore the tradeoff synergistic relationship and tradeoff degree of rural tourism sub-system. The conclusions showed that: (1) From 2009 to 2019, the overall development environment of rural tourism in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region showed a positive development trend, while the effect intensity of rural tourism development environment subsystem was unbalanced. The most obvious trend change was the upward trend of resource environment and downward trend of development effect, and the variation coefficient of inter-regional rural tourism development environment gradually decreased. The spatial pattern changed from high in the middle to low in the middle. (2) There were significant differences in the influence of each dimension on development. Ecological environment and resource environment were the strong and equal dimension layer, economic environment is the medium dimension layer, and social environment was the weak and equal intensity layer. Most of the combination results of two factors were better than the effect intensity of single factor, that was, the environmental difference of rural tourism development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was the result of the combination of multiple factors. In summary, the environmental system of rural tourism development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is relatively coordinated, but it also faces the problems of conflict between economic development and ecological protection, weak connection between social development and tourism development, weak interaction promotion and strong independence.