中国省域乡村振兴水平的动态比较和区域差异研究

[目的]在全面解析乡村振兴战略内涵的基础上，构建了乡村振兴评价指标体系，从时空维度测度和比较了我国省域乡村振兴水平及区域差异。[方法]文章运用纵横向拉开档次法，测度2014—2019年我国30个省（市、自治区，不含港澳台、西藏）的乡村振兴动态发展水平，进一步利用泰尔指数分析了东、中、西部地区乡村振兴发展的区域差异。[结果]（1）我国各地乡村振兴发展水平存在明显差异，但发展趋势总体向好，三大区域乡村振兴发展呈现东部地区较好，中部地区居中，西部地区落后的发展态势。（2）乡村振兴子系统发展差异较大，生态宜居子系统发展较好，产业兴旺子系统发展缓慢，治理有效子系统发展最差。（3）区域间差异是我国乡村振兴发展差异的主要来源，东部地区区域内差异明显大于中西部地区。[结论]最后，提出要全面把握乡村发展差异，做好乡村振兴顶层设计，加强区域协作，构建现代农业产业体系、生产体系和经营体系的政策启示。

DYNAMIC COMPARISON AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF RURAL REVITALIZATION LEVELS IN CHINA'S PROVINCES

Based on the comprehensive analysis of the connotation of Rural Revitalization Strategy, this paper constructs the rural revitalization evaluation index system, measures and compares the provincial rural revitalization level and regional differences in China from the space-time dimension. Using the vertical and horizontal grade opening method, this paper measured the dynamic development level of rural revitalization in 30 provinces(cities, autonomous region) in China from 2014 to 2019, and further used the Theil index to analyze the regional differences of rural revitalization in the East, middle and west regions. The results were showed as follows. (1) There were obvious differences in the level of rural revitalization among China''s provinces, but the development trend was generally good. There was a significant gap in rural revitalization in the three regions. On the whole, the development of the eastern region was better, the central region was in the middle, and the western region was backward. (2) There were great differences in the development of rural revitalization subsystem. The ecological livable subsystem developed well, the industrial prosperity subsystem developed slowly, and the effective governance subsystem developed the worst.(3) Regional differences were the main source of differences in rural revitalization in China, and the regional differences in the eastern region were significantly greater than those in the central and western regions. Finally, it puts forward the policy enlightenment of comprehensively grasping the differences of rural development, doing a good job in the top-level design of rural revitalization, strengthening regional cooperation, and building a modern agricultural industrial system, production system and management system.