基于GeoDatabase的国家级全域旅游区空间格局省际差异研究

目的 作为一种全新的旅游发展理念和经济增长战略，全域旅游目前正在我国高位推进、大力实施，在空间上已形成涉及省市县3个层次，覆盖1 000多个县的宏大格局。文章以省为单位开展研究，旨在理清我国大陆31个省国家级全域旅游区空间分布格局基本特征及彼此差异，为全域旅游区的科学规划、合理布局、协调发展提供数据基础和方法参考。方法 文章采用GeoDatabase模型设计建立全域旅游区空间数据库，从规模度、均衡度两个维度界定选择空间格局测度模型，通过变异系数、折线图、分级图分析描述省际差异程度、等级与分布。结果 （1）31个省域的全域旅游区在多项指标上均存在差异，尤以示范区通过率、密度指数差异最为显著。（2）31个省域的全域旅游区在空间格局上整体呈现出不均衡的聚集型分布态势，尤以青海省示范区最为集中。结论 我国全域旅游区建设尚处在初级阶段，引领全域旅游区建设的先行示范标杆相对较少，仍需加大政策扶持和贯彻落实力度，有效促进全域旅游区的整体协调平衡发展。

GEODATABASE-BASED STUDY ON THE PROVINCIAL DEFFERENCE IN SPATIAL PATTERN AMONG COMPREHENSIVE TOURISM AREAS AT THE NATIONAL-LEVEL

As a completely new tourism development concept and economic growth strategy, comprehensive tourism is being vigorously promoted and implemented in China. It has formed a hierarchical pattern with three levels of province, city and county, covering more than 1 000 counties in space. This paper, taking province as a unit, aims to clarify the fundamental characteristics and differences in spatial pattern among the national-level comprehensive tourism areas of the 31 provinces(cities, autonomous regions) in mainland China, and provides data bases and methodological references for the scientific planning, rational layout, and coordinated development of the comprehensive tourism areas. The GeoDatabase model is used to design and establish the spatial database of comprehensive tourism areas. The spatial pattern measurement models are defined and selected according to two dimensions of scale and balance, and the degree, level, and distribution of provincial difference are described through the analysis of variation coefficient, line chart and grading chart. Two main conclusions are drawn as follows. One is that all tourism areas in 31 provinces are different in many indicators, the differences on the passing rate and density index of the demonstration areas are especially obvious. The study found that: (1) There are differences in multiple indicators among the tourism areas of the 31 provinces, especially the difference in the passing rate and density index of the demonstration area; and (2) Most of tourism areas in the 31 provinces are spatially clustered and unbalanced, with the demonstration areas in Qinghai Province being greatly concentrated. The construction of comprehensive tourism areas in China is still in its infancy, and the demonstration benchmarks leading the construction of the comprehensive tourism areas are relatively insufficient. It is still necessary to enforce policy supports and implementation efforts to effectively promote the integrated, coordinated, and balanced development of the comprehensive tourism areas.