城市规模、城市结构、产业集聚度与城市能耗

能源是城市经济发展的基础资源，在城市化的进程中，城市的人口、产业、交通、建筑等各要素决定了城市能耗的高低，它们共同形成了不同的城市规模、结构，以及产业结构。本文利用全局主成分析法与固定效应模型，分析发现我国城市发展进程中，东、中、西部城市的规模、结构、产业集聚度的差异所引致的城市能源消耗增长率完全不同。为提高能源利用效率，东部地区应继续发挥产业集聚效应和技术优势，并大力提高城市交通运行效率。同时，中部地区应加快产业结构调整和升级，加强城市用地的合理规划。西部地区则应提高城市密度，改善大而散的城市结构。

Innovation Differences of Input and Output and its' Layout Adjustment Based on the Spatial Perspective

The differences of input and output of spatial innovation are important reasons which bring about the imbalance of regional economic development.The analysis is based on our countrys spatial layout data of innovation labor,capital input,output structure and industrial capability.There are some spatial innovation problems such as the big spatial gap of innovation capital input as well as the obvious spatial difference of innovation industrial capacity.And then the basic ideas of spatial layout adjustment such as the industrial structure and layout adjustment,the main line and the mix use of regional policy and provincial policy are proposed.We should increase the innovation capital investment of characteristic technology industry and upgrade the innovation output level of the middle reaches and downstream industries.We also should optimize the human structure of innovation in the Midwest with the project of international innovative talents.