我国农村金融体制的商业化变革与法律对策

目前,我国农村金融体制存在着诸如贷款难、农村资金严重外流、正规金融与非正规金融并存,以及农村商业金融匮乏、市场缺乏竞争机制等突出矛盾和问题,产生矛盾与问题的深层次原因在于农村金融的政府主导、而非市场主导。因此,在农村金融体制改革中,应在确保农业基础地位的前提下,始终贯穿竞争型、市场化的主线,建立我国以农村商业金融为核心和主要组成部分的农村金融市场体系;政府应在尊重市场规律的前提下对农村金融进行制度支持和恰当监管。为了拓展农业商业化融资渠道,应通过立法实现农业资源产权制度改革,通过立法使农业资源商品化,具有流通性;建立和完善农村金融担保制度。

The Reformation of Rural Finance System in China and Legal Measures

There are several problems in the rural financial system in China,such as the difficulty in loaning,the outflow of agricultural funds,the coexistence of formal and informal financial institution,the lack of commercial finance and competition mechanism,of which is government respecting rather than market orientation.Consequently,the reform need be carried out with the rural finance paradigm,in which should be given priority market and competition.The commercial finance should be the core of Chinese rural finance system.The government regulates the rural finance within the extent of respecting the market.In order to extend the channel of rural commercial finance,there are two legal measures:reforming agricultural resource property right system and circulating agricultural resource,and the other,perfecting the rural financial assurance system.