虚拟水贸易对生态环境的影响分析

目前我国不合理的用水方式给生态环境造成了严重的污染与影响,不利于经济的长远发展。虚拟水贸易加剧了缺水地区的用水压力;水资源过度开采,造成地下水漏斗,海水倒灌;影响土地的利用结构,导致土地沙漠化;挤占生态用水,影响生物多样性。生态环境保护目标下虚拟水贸易发展的对策是:促进产业结构优化;坚持可持续发展政策,保护地下水资源;继续推进退耕还林、还草工程;控制人口增长,调整饮食结构和消费模式。

The Impact of Virtual Water Trade on Ecological environment

The way of using water in China is unreasonable, which causes serious ecological pollution and impact and is disadvantageous to long-term economic growth. Virtual water trade brings about many issues, including water stress in water-deficient areas, over exploration of water resource which results in underground water funnel and sea water encroachment, land desertification owing to its impact on land using structure. Biological diversity is also affected because the ratio of ecological water is squeezed. To develop virtual water trade and protect the ecological environment at the same time, China＆#39;s industrial structure should be optimized and ground water resource should be protected by keeping up to China＆#39;s sustainable development policy. Meanwhile, Grain for Green programs should be carried on and the population increase should be controlled with an adjustment of national diet structure and consumption pattern.