企业连锁董事网络中的社会资本不平等：基于先赋性与后致性因素的分析

社会资本在不同群体中分布不平等,但较少有研究分析精英群体中的社会资本不平等情况。基于陕西省上市公司2010-2017年数据,采用社会网络分析方法,分析不同性别（先赋性因素）和拥有不同教育背景（后致性因素）的董事在多项网络中心度上的差异。研究发现,网络中男性董事占据绝对数量优势,男女比例随时间变化呈稳定状态,但男性董事和女性董事在网络中心度上没有显著差异;受教育程度越高,董事越趋于网络中心地位。研究证实在董事群体中存在基于后致性因素的社会资本不平等,但不存在基于先赋性因素的社会资本不平等。

Inequality of Social Capital in the Chain Director Network: Analysis Based on the Ascribed and Achieved Factors

The distribution of social capital among different groups is unequal, but few studies have analyzed the inequality of social capital among elite groups. Based on the network data of chain directors of listed companies in Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2017, we use social network analysis method to analyze the differences in the network centrality indicators of directors with different gender (ascribed factors) and educational backgrounds (achieved factors). The study found that among the listed companies in Shaanxi Province, the number of male directors still dominated, and the proportion of male and female showed a stable trend; male directors and female directors did not have significant differences in network centrality position; the higher the degree of education of directors, the better the performance of their network centrality position. The conclusion of the study confirms that among the director group, there is social capital inequality based on achieved factors, while there is no social capital inequality based on ascribed factors.