跨国并购中的知识治理模式选择：双元创新视角

就创新资源寻求型跨国并购而言，知识治理在激励目标方知识员工中发挥重要作用，促成其自愿留任、服务于企业创新战略，但理论研究尚缺乏对如何进行知识治理的解释。基于知识治理研究框架，选择4个具有代表性的成功案例，对跨国并购中双元创新和知识治理过程进行总结、提炼。研究发现，双元创新方式影响知识治理模式选择，企业在并购整合中采取开发性和探索性创新并重以及侧重二者其一的3种双元创新方式，并形成对应的混合型、威权型和合作型3种知识治理模式。双元创新方式对知识治理模式的影响路径为双元创新方式决定知识治理目标，而治理目标决定治理机制组合；影响机理为正式、非正式治理机制分别与开发性和探索性创新特征更为匹配，因此并重或侧重型双元创新须选择与之对应的机制组合。

Research on the Knowledge Governance Mechanisms in Cross-border M&As: from the Perspective of Ambidextrous Innovation

With more opportunities brought by economic globalization, enterprises in developing countries can allocate resources globally through cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) to establish their own competitive advantages. In these actions, knowledge governance from the acquirer side plays an important role in motivating the knowledge employees of the target side, facilitating them to stay voluntarily and serve the innovation strategy of Chinese enterprises, but the existing research fails to explain how to government knowledge especially how to choice the mode of knowledge governance. Based on the research framework of knowledge governance, four representative successful cross-border M & A cases are selected, then this paper focuses on the process of ambidextrous innovation and knowledge governance in these four cases. It is found that the ambidextrous innovation mode of enterprises influences the choice of knowledge governance mode. In the process of M & A integration, enterprises have formed three ambidextrous innovation modes: equal emphasis on exploitation and exploration innovation and focusing on one of exploitation and exploration innovation while consider the other, and three corresponding governance modes: hybrid mode, authoritarian mode and cooperative mode. The influence path is: ambidextrous innovation determines the goal of knowledge governance, and the goal of governance determines the combination of formal and informal governance mechanisms. The influencing mechanism is that the formal and informal governance mechanisms are more suitable for the characteristics of exploitation and exploration innovation respectively, therefore, when enterprises choose equal emphasizing on exploitation and exploration innovation or focusing on one of them while considering the other, they must choose the corresponding combination of formal and informal knowledge governance mechanisms.